大学学生戒烟计划的有效性:系统性审查和元分析
Kanyaphat Setchoduk1, Panan Pichayapinyo1, Punyarat Lapvongwatana1
1Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Tobacco induced diseases
|June 5, 2023
概括
这次审查探讨了大学学生的烟草干预措施. 虽然一些方法,如基于技术和激励面试显示出希望,但整体有效性仍然不确定.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
背景情况:
- 大学学生是戒烟工作的关键人口.
- 了解各种烟草干预措施的有效性对于公共卫生战略至关重要.
- 在大学环境中关于戒烟干预措施的现有研究需要综合.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和综合针对大学生的烟草干预措施的证据.
- 为了确定不同干预措施在这个人群中烟草使用的有效性.
- 确定在高等教育中戒烟的最有影响力的策略.
主要方法:
- 从2009年到2022年,在多个数据库 (PubMed,ClinicalKey for Nursing,Embase,SCOPUS) 中进行全面的文献搜索.
- 使用"柯克伦手册"标准对随机和非随机研究进行偏差风险评估.
- 统计分析包括元分析 (固定效应模型),异质性评估 (Cochran的Q,I2),证据质量的GRADE,以及Egger出版偏差测试.
主要成果:
- 包括18项研究,其中11项正在进行元分析.
- 基于技术和动机的采访干预表明了统计学上显著的聚合几率比率 (ORs).
- 强化干预表现出最小的效果大小;注意到大量的异质性和证据的低确定性.
结论:
- 对于大学生而言,有许多戒烟干预措施.
- 改变烟草消费行为最有效的干预措施仍然是不确定的和不确定的.
- 需要进一步的研究来澄清大学人群中戒烟的最佳策略.
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