揭开本土大米的遗传潜力 (
Aravindan Shanmugam1, Kalaiarasan Manivelan2, Konne Deepika1
1Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
Frontiers in plant science
|June 5, 2023
概括
直接种植大米 (DSR) 种植者面临着来自降雨的无氧压力的挑战. 研究人员确定了几种耐受水浸的水土地品种,为提高作物产量和可持续农业提供了潜力.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 植物生理学 植物生理学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 由于社会经济和气候因素,直接种子大米 (DSR) 作为传统洪水系统的替代品越来越受欢迎.
- 在DSR系统中不可预测的降雨可能会在发芽期间导致显著的无氧应激.
- 米对无氧条件具有独特的耐受性,大眼的延长有助于氧气的获取.
研究的目的:
- 在模拟浸水条件下评估大米土地品种的无氧发芽率 (AGP) 和无氧活力指数 (AVI).
- 为了确定米的基因型,提高了对早期水浸和缺氧的耐受性.
- 探索谷物类型与无氧发芽潜力之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 一个由115种陆地大米和4种检查品种组成的小组在15天内被置于10厘米的水中.
- 测量了无氧发芽百分比 (AGP) 和无氧活力指数 (AVI).
- 评估了芽和根的长度,并使用了分子标记物 (DFR,TTP_G4,RM478,RM208,RM24161) 进行初步遗传分析.
主要成果:
- 在陆地品种中观察到AGP (10%-100%) 和AVI (150-4,433) 的显著变化.
- 六种陆地品种 (Karuthakar,Poovan samba,Matttaikar,Edakkal,Manvilayan,Varappu kudainchan) 显示了对水浸的耐受性. 这些品种可以在水中浸泡.
- 与易受影响的相比,耐受性陆地品种在缺氧下表现出更长的芽和根.
- 长粗字类别中的Landraces表现出优越的AGP和AVI分数.
结论:
- 特定的米陆地品种具有对无氧应激的固有耐受性,这对于DSR系统至关重要.
- 较长的芽和根长度是对低氧条件的耐受性指标.
- 谷物类型,特别是长粗,可能会影响无氧发芽能力.
- 已识别的耐受性陆地品种可以作为有价值的遗传资源用于旨在提高米无氧应激耐受性的育种计划.
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