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相关概念视频

Routes of Drug Administration: Overview01:22

Routes of Drug Administration: Overview

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Drug administration involves delivering drugs to the body through various routes, such as enteral, parenteral, and topical.
Enteral administration refers to drugs absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. They can be swallowed (perorally), placed under the tongue (sublingually), or on the inner lining of the cheeks (buccally). Perorally administered drugs take time to be absorbed and have a slower onset of action. The rectal route is another form of enteral administration, which allows for...
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Routes of Drug Administration: Enteral01:18

Routes of Drug Administration: Enteral

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Medications can be administered through the enteral route using liquids, capsules, or tablets.
Enteral administration involves drug administration via the mouth in two ways: orally or sublingually.
Unlike sublingually drugs, drugs that are taken orally pass through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and get metabolized by the liver. Once metabolized, the drug is absorbed into the systemic circulation, reaching different body parts via the bloodstream. However, while passing through the stomach,...
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Additional Routes of Drug Administration01:18

Additional Routes of Drug Administration

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Choosing the appropriate route of drug administration is significantly influenced by two key factors: the therapeutic objectives and the inherent properties of the drug being used.
Administering drugs via inhalation allows for the direct delivery of gaseous, volatile substances or droplets to different parts of the respiratory tract. One of the advantages of the inhalation route is the rapid absorption of drugs into the circulatory system, which is possible because of the large surface area of...
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Drug Delivery: Enteral Route01:18

Drug Delivery: Enteral Route

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The enteral drug administration involves three primary routes: oral, sublingual, and buccal. Oral ingestion is the most prevalent, safe, economical, and convenient method for drug administration. However, it has certain drawbacks, including limited absorption due to the drug's low water solubility or poor membrane permeability, possible emesis from GI mucosa irritation, destruction of drugs by digestive enzymes or low gastric pH, and irregular absorption along with food or other drugs.
526
Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes01:22

Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes

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Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection,  and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs...
408
Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral01:25

Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral

2.0K
The administration of drugs via parenteral routes allows for direct drug introduction into the systemic circulation, resulting in high bioavailability because the medication bypasses the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal tract and hepatic metabolism.
The intravenous route (IV) of drug administration can be further categorized into two types. The bolus injection administers the entire dose rapidly, while an intravenous infusion slowly delivers smaller doses steadily.
The IV route is often...
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相关实验视频

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A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings
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通过口服管理的口服.

Youyoung Choi1,2, Shin Ja Lee2,3, Hyun Sang Kim2

  • 1Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.

Frontiers in veterinary science
|June 5, 2023
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

松树 koraiensis 精油 (PEO) 显示出减少山羊甲 (CH4) 排放的潜力. PEO改变了小肠的微生物组成和功能,为减轻肠道CH4提供了洞察力.

关键词:
肠道甲排放的排放量精油 精油 精油 精油 精油用于料添加剂的料添加剂这是一个metataxonomic.排骨中的微生物群.

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科学领域:

  • 动物科学动物科学
  • 微生物学 微生物学
  • 环境科学 环境科学

背景情况:

  • 从反动物的肠道甲 (CH4) 排放大大导致温室气体.
  • 开发天然抑制剂以减轻CH4对于可持续的畜牧业生产至关重要.
  • 松树 koraiensis 精油 (PEO) 有潜在的抗菌性质.

研究的目的:

  • 为了研究PEO作为山羊中CH4抑制剂的疗效.
  • 确定PEO对肠微生物群体的分类学和功能特征的影响.

主要方法:

  • 一个2x2交叉设计研究,涉及10只韩国本土山羊.
  • 饮食治疗包括对照 (CON) 和PEO补充剂 (1g/d).
  • 使用激光CH4探测器测量甲排放量,液和便样本分析,以及用于微生物分析的16SrRNA基因片测序.

主要成果:

  • PEO的管理倾向于减少CH4排放,而不会影响干物摄入量.
  • 经过PEO改变的乳头挥发性脂肪酸,氨和血液代谢物.
  • PEO减少了真菌的丰富性,改变了原体微生物群的组成和功能,丰富了像pyruvate代谢这样的途径.

结论:

  • 作为山羊的天然CH4抑制剂,PEO显示出前景.
  • PEO 影响肠微生物群体结构和代谢功能.
  • 对PEO的进一步研究可能会导致减轻反动物肠道CH4排放的策略.