未充分利用的豆类:营养状况和先进的育种方法,以提高质量和数量
Ipsita Samal1, Tanmaya Kumar Bhoi2, M Nikhil Raj3
1Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sri Sri University, Cuttack, Odisha, India.
Frontiers in nutrition
|June 5, 2023
概括
未充分利用的豆类对全球粮食和营养安全至关重要,提供丰富的营养素和农业发展的潜力. 需要进一步的研究和育种,才能将这些有价值的作物纳入主流.
科学领域:
- * 农业科学 农业科学
- * 食品科学 食品科学
- * 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- * 未充分利用/孤儿豆类对资源贫困地区的粮食和营养安全至关重要,特别是在干旱期间.
- * Leguminaceae家族,有650个属和20,000个物种,提供各种可食用和富含蛋白质的选择,如大豆和牛.
- *对植物性蛋白质的需求增加和普通豆类生产不足凸显了未充分利用品种的潜力.
研究的目的:
- * 审查发现未充分利用的豆类作为食品,料和制药化合物的来源的潜力.
- *为解决营养不良和维持全球脉冲需求提供基线数据.
- *强调需要化,改进和主流化知名度较低的豆类物种.
主要方法:
- * 文献综述,重点关注各种未充分利用的豆类的营养成分和生物活性化合物 (例如,Mucuna spp.,Canavalia spp.,Sesbania spp. ) 的情况.
- *分析有关这些作物的农业和经济潜力的现有信息.
- * 对作物开发的研究,育种和生物技术方法的研究.
主要成果:
- *未充分利用的豆类含有大量的蛋白质,必需氨基酸,多不和脂肪酸 (PUFA),纤维,矿物质和维生素.
- *大约有700个属和2万种豆类植物仍然用于化和改进.
- * 目前关于未充分利用的豆类的信息很少,并且在地理上有限.
结论:
- * 未充分利用的豆类为提高粮食安全,满足营养需求和支持农业发展提供了巨大的潜力.
- *需要大量的研究,育种和生物技术努力来开发和普及这些作物.
- *将未充分利用的豆类纳入主流可以使农业系统多样化,提高农民的利能力,并为全球粮食可持续性做出贡献.
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