在老年人中,默认模式网络和前额状网络之间的合作和竞争
Hideya Koshino1, Mariko Osaka2,3, Tetsuya Shimokawa3
1Department of Psychology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, United States.
Frontiers in psychology
|June 5, 2023
概括
老年人显示大脑网络连接性降低,影响工作记忆. 衰老的认知衰退可能源于默认模式网络 (DMN) 内的联系较弱,以及前额状网络 (FPN) 和DMN之间的联系较弱.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知衰老研究 认知衰老研究
背景情况:
- 默认模式网络 (DMN) 在休息和社会认知期间是活跃的,在工作记忆 (WM) 任务期间被禁用.
- 额头双层网络 (FPN) 对于执行职能至关重要,包括WM.
- 之前的工作表明DMN功能连接性与年龄相关的下降.
研究的目的:
- 调查与年龄相关的认知衰退和FPN和DMN在WM任务期间的功能连接之间的关系.
- 检查DMN和FPN活动中的年龄差异以及他们在WM任务准备和执行期间的网络间连接.
主要方法:
- 功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 用于测量在WM任务期间年轻和老年人的大脑活动.
- 分析重点关注在任务准备和执行阶段的FPN和DMN内部和之间的大脑激活模式和功能连接.
主要成果:
- 与年轻人相比,老年人在准备和执行过程中表现出较低的DMN活性,同时在执行过程中表现出较高的FPN激活.
- 功能连接分析显示,在老年人中,网络内相关性 (FPN和DMN) 和网络间相关性 (FPN-DMN) 较弱.
- 具体来说,在老年人群中,在准备过程中观察到较弱的正相关性,在执行过程中观察到较弱的负相关性.
结论:
- 与年龄相关的认知衰退可能与DMN内的功能连接性降低有关.
- 在老年人中,FPN和DMN之间的连接性下降可能是WM任务中认知障碍的基础.
- 这些发现凸显了网络间通信在老化过程中维持认知功能的重要性.
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