延迟睡眠-觉醒阶段障碍及其相关的睡眠行为在年轻一代
Kunihiro Futenma1,2, Yoshikazu Takaesu1,2, Yoko Komada3
1Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan.
Frontiers in psychiatry
|June 5, 2023
概括
延迟睡眠-觉醒阶段障碍 (DSWPD) 影响青少年和年轻成年人,导致白天显著损害. 心理和行为因素起着关键作用,需要综合治疗方法.
科学领域:
- 睡眠医学 睡眠医学
- 时间生物学 时间生物学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 延迟睡眠-觉醒阶段障碍 (DSWPD) 具有延迟的习惯性睡眠-觉醒时间的特征,影响青少年和年轻人.
- 抑郁症导致疲劳,注意力集中问题,睡眠剥夺和缺勤,通常与抑郁症状同时发生.
- 估计患病率为3%,涉及生理,遗传,心理,行为和社会因素.
研究的目的:
- 审查DSWPD的多方面性质,包括其流行率,导致因素和并发症.
- 突出最近社会变化的影响,如与流行病相关的限制,对睡眠模式和DSWPD风险的影响.
- 强调DSWPD中心理和行为因素的作用,即使没有客观的昼夜节律失调.
主要方法:
- 关于DSWPD患病率,病因和相关疾病的研究文献综述.
- 分析有关COVID-19大流行期间睡眠模式变化的最新发现.
- 检查DSWPD与精神疾病和人格特征的并发症.
主要成果:
- DSWPD影响大约3%的人口,主要是年轻人.
- 心理和行为因素,以及生理和遗传影响,在DSWPD中至关重要.
- 很大一部分的DSWPD病例 (40%) 缺乏客观的昼夜节律不整齐,这意味着心理和行为问题.
- DSWPD经常与情绪和神经发育障碍并发,并与神经病和焦虑有关.
结论:
- DSWPD是一种复杂的疾病,受到生物,心理和社会因素的结合的影响.
- 关于DSWPD与精神疾病之间的相互作用需要进一步研究.
- 综合治疗策略,结合时代生物学和认知行为方法,建议用于DSWPD管理.
相关概念视频
Sleep-Wake Cycles
1.4K
Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
1.4K
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
275
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
RBD is significantly associated with...
275
Narcolepsy
156
Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by pervasive, uncontrolled sleepiness and other sleep disturbances. One of its hallmark symptoms is an abrupt transition to REM sleep upon falling asleep, which causes symptoms typically associated with this phase to occur unexpectedly during wakefulness. These include the following symptoms, which typically last from a minute or two to half an hour.
156
Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation
186
Insufficient sleep refers to not getting the recommended amount of sleep for optimal functioning, even if it's just slightly less than needed. Sleep insufficiency may occur due to lifestyle choices, such as staying up late for social events or work, resulting in routinely getting less sleep than required. For example, consistently sleeping 6 hours when the body needs 7-9 hours can lead to cumulative effects on health and well-being.
Sleep deprivation is a more severe form of sleep loss...
Sleep deprivation is a more severe form of sleep loss...
186
Management of Insomnia
284
The sleep cycle, an integral part of human health, consists of several stages with distinct characteristics and functions. It begins with a transition from wakefulness to sleep, known as the light sleep phase, followed by the restorative deep sleep phase, essential for physical recovery and growth. The cycle concludes with the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phase, characterized by high brain activity and vivid dreaming. Insomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder, involves difficulty falling asleep, staying...
284
Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep
199
Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
199


