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碳酸盐运输体SLC4γ在石珊瑚骨形成和演化中的作用

Amanda I Tinoco^1,2, Lorna M Y Mitchison-Field^1,3, Jacob Bradford^4,5

¹Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Baltimore, MD 21218.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

|June 5, 2023

概括

新进化的二碳酸盐转运器SLC4γ对于岩石珊瑚骨架的形成至关重要. 这一发现有助于理解和减轻气候变化对珊瑚礁的威胁.

科学领域:

海洋生物学海洋生物学
分子进化分子进化
生物化学生化学

背景情况:

珊瑚礁是建立在碳酸骨架上的重要生态系统,面临着海洋温度上升和酸化的威胁.
了解珊瑚骨架形成的分子基础对于保护工作至关重要.
之前假设碳酸盐输送体SLC4γ在珊瑚骨架发育中起作用.

研究的目的:

研究石珊瑚中二碳酸盐载体SLC4γ的进化起源和功能.
确定SLC4γ在珊瑚骨架沉积过程中的作用.
评估使用遗传工具研究珊瑚生物学的可行性.

主要方法:

在30个珊瑚物种和15个外群中进行比较基因组学.
在珊瑚发育过程中的基因表达分析.
在CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑中诱导SLC4γ在青少年珊瑚息肉中的突变.

主要成果:

在石珊瑚中,SLC4γ是唯一存在的,它起源于它们进化早期的基因重复事件.
在珊瑚发育过程中,SLC4γ表达显著上调,与骨沉积相吻合.
在SLC4γ突变损害珊瑚骨架的形成,缺陷的严重程度与突变频率相关.

结论:

该SLC4γ基因已被新功能化,在石珊瑚中为碳酸沉积提供碳酸的关键作用.
SLC4γ的进化与珊瑚的骨架形成能力的出现有关.
反向遗传学是一种可行的方法来研究珊瑚的生态重要特征.

关键词:

这就是Acropora millepora.这就是CRISPR/Cas9的作用.基因复制是基因的复制.基因组编辑基因组编辑新功能化的新功能化.

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