在LGBT成年人中,医疗保险覆盖率和获得护理的机会,2013-19
Andrew Bolibol1, Thomas C Buchmueller2, Benjamin Lewis3
1Andrew Bolibol, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts.
Health affairs (Project Hope)
|June 5, 2023
概括
负担得起的医疗保健法案改善了女同性恋,同性恋,双性恋和跨性别者 (LGBT) 成人的医疗保险覆盖,缩小了与非LGBT成人的差距. 然而,对于LGBT个人来说,获得必要医疗护理的差异仍然存在.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 卫生社会学 卫生社会学
背景情况:
- 从历史上看,女同性恋,男同性恋,双性恋和跨性别 (LGBT) 成年人面临着医疗保险的重大障碍.
- 这些覆盖率差距导致LGBT社区在医疗保健和健康结果方面的差异.
- 可负担医疗法案 (ACA) 和婚姻平等裁决为减少这些差异提供了机会.
研究的目的:
- 从2013年到2019年,检查LGBT和非LGBT成年人医疗保险覆盖的趋势.
- 评估同一时期LGBT和非LGBT人口获得必要医疗护理的变化.
- 评估ACA对LGBT成年人的保险覆盖和护理准入的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自健康改革监测调查的数据,这是一个全国代表性的调查.
- 分析了LGBT和非LGBT成年人之间保险覆盖率的趋势.
- 在各组之间比较自我报告的获得必要医疗护理的困难.
主要成果:
- 2013年,LGBT成年人比非LGBT成年人有明显较低的保险覆盖率和更高的难度获得护理.
- 在ACA的主要覆盖条款之后,保险覆盖差异于2014年开始减少.
- 到2017-2019年,LGBT成年人的保险覆盖率与非LGBT成年人的保险覆盖率相当,但获得差异仍然存在.
结论:
- 该法案在改善LGBT成年人医疗保险覆盖率的平等性方面发挥了有效作用.
- 尽管保险费率相似,但在LGBT个人获得医疗保健方面仍然存在重大差异.
- 需要采取进一步的干预措施,以解决LGBT人口持续存在的进入障碍.
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