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COVID-19疫苗和大流行:对其他被忽视的疾病和未来威胁的教训
Peter J Hotez1, Sarah Gilbert2, Melanie Saville3
1Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine Development, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA hotez@bcm.edu.
BMJ global health
|June 5, 2023
概括
通过使用各种技术加速疫苗开发,改善了对埃博拉病毒和COVID-19的反应. 未来的流行病准备要求低收入和中等收入国家平等获得新疫苗技术.
科学领域:
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 全球卫生安全 全球卫生安全
- 流行病的准备 流行病的准备
背景情况:
- 随着COVID-19的爆发,突出了"多次击中目标"方法的成功,同时开发各种疫苗技术.
- 埃博拉和COVID-19疫苗开发的经验强调了各种技术平台的好处,包括病毒载体,mRNA和重组蛋白质.
研究的目的:
- 分析疫苗开发策略,解决COVID-19大流行期间观察到的全球疫苗不平等问题.
- 提出建议,加强低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 的疫苗制造能力和监管监督,以应对未来的流行病.
主要方法:
- 在最近的公共卫生紧急情况中审查疫苗开发方法.
- 分析疫苗技术转让和分发的挑战,特别是关于LMICs.
- 检查医疗保健基础设施和监管能力要求,以获得公平的疫苗接种.
主要成果:
- 使用多种技术同时开发多种候选疫苗对COVID-19有效.
- 显著的疫苗不平等发生了,高收入国家获得先进的mRNA疫苗,而LMIC依赖其他平台.
- 低至中产国家在获得足够的疫苗剂量方面面临挑战,需要加强制造和监管能力.
结论:
- 扩大扩展能力和促进在LMICs的各种疫苗技术的技术转让对于未来的流行病准备至关重要.
- 加强LMIC国家监管能力和医疗保健基础设施对于公平的疫苗分配和打击错误信息至关重要.
- 迫切需要一个国际框架,比如联合国流行病条约,以确保协调有效的全球应对流行病.
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