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相关概念视频

Noncovalent Attractions in Biomolecules02:35

Noncovalent Attractions in Biomolecules

Noncovalent attractions are associations within and between molecules that influence the shape and structural stability of complexes. These interactions differ from covalent bonding in that they do not involve sharing of electrons.
Four types of noncovalent interactions are hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, ionic bonds, and hydrophobic interactions.
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Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
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Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview

Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the generated carbocation,...
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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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具有巨大的离子热电效应的自愈聚合物复合物.

Dong-Hu Kim1, Zico Alaia Akbar1, Yoga Trianzar Malik2

  • 1School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.

Nature communications
|June 5, 2023
PubMed
概括

研究人员开发了一种具有高离子热电 (iTE) 性能的可拉伸,自我修复的聚合物. 这种新材料,PEDOT:PAAMPSA:PA,显示出对自动供电应用的希望.

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 聚合物化学 聚合物化学
  • 收集能源 收集能源

背景情况:

  • 离子热电 (iTE) 材料提供了一个可持续的能源采集解决方案.
  • 开发灵活耐用的iTE材料仍然是一个重大挑战.

研究的目的:

  • 合成一种具有增强离子热电特性的新型可拉伸和自我修复的聚合物.
  • 调查结构与属性关系,这些关系决定了iTE的性能和机械强度.

主要方法:

  • PEDOT:PAAMPSA:PA聚合物的合成.
  • 优化离子载体度,扩散系数和.
  • 机械测试,包括拉伸和自我愈合周期.
  • 离子热电电容器 (ITEC) 装置的制造和特征.

主要成果:

  • 在70%的相对湿度下达到12.3的离子值.
  • 由于动态聚合物相互作用,表现出高伸展性和自我愈合能力.
  • 经过30次自我愈合和50次拉伸周期后保持了iTE的特性.
  • 该ITEC设备的最大输出功率为4.59μW·m-2,能量密度为1.95mJ·m-2.
  • 一个9对ITEC模块在80%的RH下产生了0.37V·K-1,输出功率为0.21μW·m-2.

结论:

  • PEDOT:PAAMPSA:PA 具有优异的离子热电性能与机械弹性相结合.
  • 在机械应力下材料的稳定性突出显示了其在实际应用中的潜力.
  • 这项工作为使用灵活和自我修复的热电材料的自动供电设备铺平了道路.