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测试与范围扩大相关的适应性变化,该变化是在秋季网虫单次引入后发生的

Jin-Xu Dai^1,2, Li-Jun Cao², Jin-Cui Chen²

¹Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pests Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.

Molecular ecology

|June 6, 2023

概括

中国的入侵性秋季网虫 (FWW) 显示出适应性进化,尽管只有一次引入. 遗传分析显示,不同的西部和东部群体适应当地环境,这表明入侵物种保留了进化潜力.

科学领域:

进化生物学是进化的生物学.
生态生态学生态生态学
遗传学遗传学是一个

背景情况:

侵入性物种可以经历殖民后的适应性进化,从而影响它们的生态影响.
秋季网虫 (FWW),中国的入侵物种,经历了瓶,并分为两个遗传组.
记录良好的入侵历史和遗传分歧为研究适应性进化提供了独特的机会.

研究的目的:

在中国引入后,调查秋季网虫适应性进化的迹象.
在不同的FWW种群中,将遗传变异与地理和气候因素相关联.
识别与环境异质性相关的特定基因和适应.

主要方法:

分析了全基因组单核酸多态 (SNP),以确定遗传分离.
在SNP的空间变化与地理和气候数据相关.
SNP异常值在功能上进行了注释,以推断适应性特征.

主要成果:

确定了基因上不同的西部和东部FWW群体.
环境因素比地理因素在分离的群体内解释了更多的遗传变异.
与皮膜蛋白 (干燥适应性) 和脂酶生物合成 (温度适应性) 相关的基因分别在西部和东部群体中被确定.

结论:

侵入性物种可以保留进化潜力,即使在单次引入事件后,也可以适应不同的环境.
不同的环境压力促使侵袭性秋季网虫的不同种群产生特定的适应.
建议进行进一步的研究,比较跨环境的定量特征.

关键词:

这种动物是Hyphantria cunea cunea.气候变化气候变化气候变化侵入性外来物种的入侵性外来物种.地方适应地方适应人口遗传结构遗传结构

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What is Natural Selection?

What is Natural Selection?

Natural selection is an evolutionary process in which individuals with survival-promoting traits reproduce at higher rates. These favorable traits become more common within a population or species. Naturally selected traits initially arise via random genetic mutations. In order for selection to occur, there must be variation within a population, the trait controlling the variation must be heritable, and there must be an evolutionary advantage for variation in the trait.

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).

Migration

Migration

Migration is long-range, seasonal movement from one region or habitat to another. This common strategy, carried out by many different organisms around the world, is an adaptive response that typically corresponds to changes in an organism’s environment, like resource availability or climate. Migrations can involve huge groups of thousands of animals as well as single individuals traveling alone and can range from thousands of kilometers to just a few hundred meters.

Limits to Natural Selection

Limits to Natural Selection

Organisms that are well-adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. However, natural selection does not lead to perfectly adapted organisms. Several factors constrain natural selection.