在健康和退休研究中,高血压患病率和血压百分点的教育差异
1Population Studies and Training Center, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
概括
教育程度较低的老年人在整个分布中都有更高的血压 (BP),而不仅仅是高血压率. 在BP的教育差异在最高水平是最大的,这表明健康不平等.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 高血压和失控的血压 (BP) 不成比例地影响受教育程度较低的老年人.
- 现有的研究经常使用二分法指标 (高血压,不受控制的BP),可能低估了BP的教育差异作为连续措施.
- 血压水平是广泛范围内的发病率和死亡率的关键预测指标.
研究的目的:
- 调查美国老年人血压 (BP) 分布的教育差异.
- 评估教育如何与高血压状态以外的各种百分位之间与高血压有关.
- 检查高血压意识和治疗疗效的教育不平等.
主要方法:
- 利用了2014-2016年健康和退休研究的数据,这是一项针对14498名美国老年人 (51-89岁) 的全国代表性调查.
- 采用线性概率模型来检查教育,高血压和不受控制的血压之间的关联.
- 应用线性和无条件定量回归模型来评估分布中教育和BP之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 与受教育程度较高的同龄人相比,受教育程度较低的老年人几乎在整个分布中表现出较高的缩血压.
- 系统血压的教育差异在血压百分点之间放大,在最高水平上最明显.
- 这些模式无论诊断高血压状况如何,都会持续存在,对生命早期的因素具有强大影响,并且仅部分由成人社会经济和健康状况解释.
结论:
- 高等教育与BP分布有关,该分布倾向于老年人中更健康,较低的水平.
- 低教育与BP分布转移到更高,更有害的水平有关.
- 在高血压意识和治疗疗效方面的教育不平等可能导致这些观察到的差异.
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