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相关概念视频

Translesion DNA Polymerases02:10

Translesion DNA Polymerases

10.0K
Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
10.0K
The Replisome03:01

The Replisome

34.0K
DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with...
34.0K
Lagging Strand Synthesis01:59

Lagging Strand Synthesis

53.4K
During replication, the complementary strands in double-stranded DNA are synthesized at different rates. Replication first begins on the leading strand. Replication starts later, occurs more slowly, and proceeds discontinuously on the lagging strand.
There are several major differences between synthesis of the leading strand and synthesis of the lagging strand. 1) Leading strand synthesis happens in the direction of replication fork opening, whereas lagging strand synthesis happens in the...
53.4K
DNA Replication02:40

DNA Replication

49.9K
DNA replication involves the separation of the two strands of the double helix, with each strand serving as a template from which the new complementary strand is copied.  After replication, each double-stranded DNA includes one parental or “old” strand and one “new” strand. This is known as semiconservative replication. The resulting DNA molecules have the same sequence and are divided equally into the two daughter cells.
Replication in Prokaryotes
DNA replication...
49.9K
Proofreading01:31

Proofreading

6.4K
Synthesis of new DNA molecules is carried out by the enzyme DNA polymerase, which adds nucleotides on the daughter strand complementary to the template DNA strand. DNA polymerase has a higher affinity to add the correct base and ensures fidelity during DNA replication. Furthermore,  it exhibits proofreading activity during replication, using an exonuclease domain that cuts off incorrect nucleotides from the nascent DNA strand.
Errors During Replication are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase...
6.4K
Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

5.8K
DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart,...
5.8K

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 27, 2025

DNA Sequence Recognition by DNA Primase Using High-Throughput Primase Profiling
08:04

DNA Sequence Recognition by DNA Primase Using High-Throughput Primase Profiling

Published on: October 8, 2019

8.7K

逆转录酶主要的DNA合成.

Matej Zabrady1, Katerina Zabrady1, Arthur W H Li1

  • 1Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RQ, UK.

Nucleic acids research
|June 6, 2023
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

反转录酶 (RTs) 可以直接在RNA和DNA上进行DNA合成. 这种保存的能力,在CRISPR相关的RT和其他类中发现,对生物通路至关重要.

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Fluorescence Based Primer Extension Technique to Determine Transcriptional Starting Points and Cleavage Sites of RNases In Vivo
10:51

Fluorescence Based Primer Extension Technique to Determine Transcriptional Starting Points and Cleavage Sites of RNases In Vivo

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Kinetics of Lagging-strand DNA Synthesis In Vitro by the Bacteriophage T7 Replication Proteins
08:14

Kinetics of Lagging-strand DNA Synthesis In Vitro by the Bacteriophage T7 Replication Proteins

Published on: February 25, 2017

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jul 27, 2025

DNA Sequence Recognition by DNA Primase Using High-Throughput Primase Profiling
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DNA Sequence Recognition by DNA Primase Using High-Throughput Primase Profiling

Published on: October 8, 2019

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Fluorescence Based Primer Extension Technique to Determine Transcriptional Starting Points and Cleavage Sites of RNases In Vivo
10:51

Fluorescence Based Primer Extension Technique to Determine Transcriptional Starting Points and Cleavage Sites of RNases In Vivo

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Kinetics of Lagging-strand DNA Synthesis In Vitro by the Bacteriophage T7 Replication Proteins
08:14

Kinetics of Lagging-strand DNA Synthesis In Vitro by the Bacteriophage T7 Replication Proteins

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科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
  • 酶学 是一种酶学.

背景情况:

  • 反转录酶 (RTs) 是从RNA模板中合成DNA的酶,挑战了中央教条.
  • 虽然RTs作为DNA聚合酶起作用,但它们与原酶活性复制酶的关系很遥远.
  • 然而,RTs的de novo原酶活性尚未得到广泛认可.

研究的目的:

  • 为了研究与CRISPR相关的RTs (CARTs) 的 de novo原始合成活性.
  • 为了确定这种原料合成能力是否在不同的RT类中保持.
  • 阐明RT依赖原始化在生物过程中的作用,如CRISPR阵列集成.

主要方法:

  • 生物化学测试用于测试RNA和DNA模板上的原料合成.
  • 分析CRISPR-Cas系统使用RT依赖原始化.
  • 对不同类别的RT序列和活动进行比较分析 (II组内核,端粒酶,逆转录病毒).

主要成果:

  • 已经确定了与CRISPR相关的RTs (CARTs) 直接对RNA和DNA进行DNA合成.
  • 在某些CRISPR-Cas系统中,RT依赖的启动对于间隔器的获取和集成至关重要.
  • 在各种RT中保持了原始合成活性,包括II组内核RT,端粒酶和逆转录病毒.

结论:

  • 反转录酶具有保存的,天生的能力来催化新型DNA原始合成.
  • 这项活动独立于辅助域或替代开源机制.
  • 这些发现表明,RT原料合成在各种生物途径中起着重要的,以前被低估的作用.