关节硬度和跳跃高度的决定因素在跳跃跳跃期间
Takehiro Kosaka1, Shuhei Sasajima1, Ayaka Yasuda1
1Department of Life Science, The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo, Japan.
Physiological reports
|June 6, 2023
概括
跳的关节硬性是由活跃的肌肉硬性和肌肉激活模式决定的. 肌弹性能量是跳跃高度的主要决定因素,特别是在较低的落下高度.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 人类运动科学科学 人类运动科学
- 运动生理学 体育生理学
背景情况:
- 了解跳跃表现的决定因素对于优化运动训练和预防伤害至关重要.
- 关节刚性和肌机械特性在跳跃等爆炸性运动中起着重要作用.
- 电肌图 (EMG) 活动提供了关于动态任务期间神经肌肉控制的见解.
研究的目的:
- 调查肌机械特性和电肌图学活动对脚关节硬度和跳跃高度的影响.
- 识别关键因素,决定关节硬性和跳跃性能在跳跃跳跃.
- 探索肌肉刚性,肌刚性和弹性能量与跳跃结果之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 29名男性参与者从三个不同的高度 (10,20,30厘米) 使用特定于脚的雪装置进行了单边下降跳跃.
- 测量包括脚关节硬度,跳跃高度和脚下 flexor 肌肉的电肌图活动.
- 活动肌肉硬度是从快速拉伸过程中的肌肉力量和筋长度变化计算出来的,而肌硬度和弹性能量则是在同位数和动态收缩过程中评估出来的.
主要成果:
- 在大多数情况下,活跃肌肉硬与关节硬有显著的相关性.
- 在斜坡和弹道收缩期间测量的肌硬度与关节硬度没有显著的相关性.
- 电磁热活动的比率 (登陆前/离心到同心阶段) 与关节硬有显著的相关性.
- 跳跃高度 (在10和20厘米的落下高度) 与肌弹性能量有很强的关联,但与其他测量变量无关.
结论:
- 跳跃时的关节硬主要由活跃的肌肉硬和特定的电肌图活动模式决定.
- 肌弹性能量是跳跃跳跃的跳跃高度的关键决定因素,特别是在较低的跳跃高度.
- 这些发现突出了肌肉和肌特性在调节关节力学和爆炸性表现方面的独特作用.
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