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由于与风有关的脱叶而导致的升高的热量指数:一个案例研究
Cade Reesman1, Paul Miller2,3
1Coastal Meteorology (COMET), Lab, Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
International journal of biometeorology
|June 6, 2023
概括
像风劳拉这样的热带气旋会导致树叶脱落,增加人类的热量压力. 这项研究量化了由于植被丧失而导致的热量指数 (HI) 的上升,为公共卫生官员提供了关键数据.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 大气科学 大气科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 热带气旋导致陆地表面显著脱叶,改变能量平衡.
- 之前的研究表明,风脱叶会使近地表的空气温度变暖.
- 用热量指数 (HI) 衡量的人类热应激是一个关键的公共卫生问题.
研究的目的:
- 量化风引起的脱叶对人类热应激的影响.
- 具体通过热量指数 (HI) 的镜头将变暖效应置于环境中.
- 为了评估这些HI变化的敏感性,对不同的异视条件.
主要方法:
- 在风劳拉 (2020) 之后,使用正常化差异植被指数 (NDVI) 描述了脱叶程度和持续时间.
- 在天气研究和预报 (WRF) 模型版本4.2中同化脱叶土地表面数据.
- 将脱叶模拟结果与落地后30天的对照模拟结果进行比较.
- 使用假设的登陆年 (2017年,2018年) 进行了额外的WRF实验,以测试同视条件的灵敏度.
主要成果:
- 脱叶导致热量指数 (HI) 值增加,特别是在一夜之间.
- 在路易斯安那州西南部,30°C以上的HI暴露时间增加了8.1%.
- 路易斯安那州的卡梅伦州经历了额外的33小时HI超过26°C和1.2°C的平均HI增加0300UTC.
- 即使考虑到2017年和2018年的不同综合条件,也观察到统计学上显著的HI增加.
结论:
- 风引起的脱叶明显加剧了人类的热应激.
- 夜间HI的增加构成重大风险,因为最低温度是热死亡的关键指标.
- 这些发现对于应急管理人员和公共卫生官员在准备和减轻气旋后与热有关的风险方面至关重要.
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