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Updated: Jul 27, 2025
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Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults
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重新考虑经济干预措施,以减少口腔健康的不平等
Jun Aida1, Miho Ishimaru1, Shiho Kino1
1Department of Oral Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
Community dentistry and oral epidemiology
|June 7, 2023
概括
经济因素显著影响健康不平等. 减少牙科护理费用和针对性税收等干预措施显示出希望,但直接现金转移对口腔健康结果的影响有限.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 健康的社会决定因素
背景情况:
- 经济因素被认为是健康不平等的上游社会决定因素.
- 干预措施往往侧重于近似决定因素,但最近的危机突出了经济因素.
- 与健康相关的经济方法包括间接 (例如,财政支持,财政政策) 和直接 (例如,现金转移,基本收入) 的战略.
研究的目的:
- 审查与健康相关的经济干预措施,以解决健康不平等问题.
- 评估间接和直接经济方法对口腔健康结果的有效性.
- 发现口腔健康不平等的经济干预研究中的差距.
主要方法:
- 关于与健康相关的经济干预的文献综述.
- 对牙科护理的财政支持,财政政策 (烟草,糖税),现金转移和基本收入的研究进行分析.
- 专注于对口腔健康不平等和牙科诊所,,牙周病等结果的影响.
主要成果:
- 间接方法:减少自付的牙科费用改善了医疗服务的获取,并减少了不平等. 烟草和糖税与减少牙周病和相关;糖税显示有可能减少口腔健康不平等.
- 直接方法:现金转账对牙医诊所没有积极影响,对预防牙的结果不确定.
- 没有任何牙科研究检查过人口层面的收入保障措施,比如基本收入.
结论:
- 间接经济干预措施,特别是那些降低牙科护理费用和实施有针对性的税收的干预措施,有望减少口腔健康不平等.
- 直接的经济干预,如现金转移,在改善口腔健康结果方面表现出有限的有效性.
- 迫切需要进一步的研究,特别是使用因果推理和自然实验,以了解经济干预对口腔健康不平等的影响.
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