非洲毒素对免疫系统的影响:来自人类和哺乳动物研究的证据
Nikita Saha Turna1,2, Sarah S Comstock1, Venugopal Gangur1
1Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.
Critical reviews in food science and nutrition
|June 7, 2023
概括
暴露于像花生这样的食物中发现的真菌毒素阿弗拉托克辛,会损害人类和动物的免疫系统. 需要进一步的研究,以了解其对疾病耐药性的全部影响.
科学领域:
- 食品安全和毒理学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 甲毒素是由阿斯伯吉路斯真菌产生的真菌毒素,通常存在于玉米和花生等主食中.
- 虽然已知具有致癌性,但阿弗拉托克辛也表现出具有重要公共健康影响的免疫毒性.
- 全球食品法规主要针对阿弗拉托克辛的致癌风险,忽视其非致癌效应.
研究的目的:
- 审查和综合目前关于人类和动物的亚弗拉托克辛诱导免疫毒性的证据.
- 检查对原生和适应性免疫功能的 aflatoxin 暴露的影响.
- 突出进一步研究的必要性,以量化免疫毒性对阿弗拉托克辛相关疾病的贡献.
主要方法:
- 关于人类和哺乳动物研究的综合文献综述.
- 分析了将阿弗拉托克辛暴露与免疫系统影响联系在一起的研究.
- 根据生物体和免疫系统组成部分 (先天性与适应性) 分类发现.
主要成果:
- 实质性证据表明,阿弗拉托克辛暴露会对人类和动物的免疫功能产生不利影响.
- 阿弗拉托克辛诱导的免疫毒性可能会损害对抗感染的能力.
- 在文献中,关于对阿弗拉托克辛的特定免疫生物标志物反应存在不一致.
结论:
- 非洲毒素具有显著的免疫毒性潜力,影响宿主防御机制.
- 澄清阿弗拉托克辛免疫毒性的程度对于完全了解其健康负担至关重要.
- 需要进行进一步的研究,以确定免疫毒性在与亚毒素相关的病理学中的确切作用.
相关概念视频
02:43Mouse Models of Cancer Study
Mice have long served as models for studying human biology and pathology because of their phylogenetic and physiological similarity with humans. They are also easy to maintain and breed in the laboratory, and hence, many inbred strains are now available for research. Studies on mice have contributed immeasurably to our understanding of cancer biology.
The development of transgenic, knockout, and knock-in mice has led to an exponential increase in their use as model organisms in research,...
The development of transgenic, knockout, and knock-in mice has led to an exponential increase in their use as model organisms in research,...
01:23Toxicity Testing in Animals
Toxicity tests in animals are grounded on two main assumptions: first, the effects observed in laboratory animals can be extrapolated to humans, especially when adjusted for body surface area; second, high-dose exposure in animals is essential to identify potential human hazards from lower doses. This is based on the quantal dose-response concept, which faces the challenge of extrapolating results from relatively few test animals to much larger human populations. For example, a 0.01% incidence...