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相关概念视频

Segregation in Fresh Concrete01:16

Segregation in Fresh Concrete

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Segregation in fresh concrete is a phenomenon where the components of the concrete mix separate, leading to uneven distribution and compromised structural integrity. This separation typically occurs when concrete is subjected to excessive horizontal movement within forms, or when it is dropped from considerable heights or forced through narrow, winding paths. As a result, heavier coarse aggregate particles settle at the bottom, while lighter, finer materials such as cement and water rise to the...
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Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination02:55

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

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Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
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Law of Segregation01:49

Law of Segregation

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When crossing pea plants, Mendel noticed that one of the parental traits would sometimes disappear in the first generation of offspring, called the F1 generation, and could reappear in the next generation (F2). He concluded that one of the traits must be dominant over the other, thereby causing masking of one trait in the F1 generation. When he crossed the F1 plants, he found that 75% of the offspring in the F2 generation had the dominant phenotype, while 25% had the recessive phenotype.
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Surveys02:16

Surveys

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Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
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Law of Independent Assortment

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While Mendel’s Law of Segregation states that the two alleles for one gene are separated into different gametes, a different question of how different genes are inherited remains. For example, is the gene for tall plants inherited with the gene for green peas? Mendel asked this question by experimenting with a dihybrid cross; a cross in which both parents are homozygous for two distinct traits resulting in an F1 generation that are heterozygous for both traits.
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Position-effect Variegation02:32

Position-effect Variegation

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In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
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Using the Race Model Inequality to Quantify Behavioral Multisensory Integration Effects
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在奴隶制下种族隔离.

Martin Ruef1

  • 1Duke University, USA.

Social forces; a scientific medium of social study and interpretation
|June 7, 2023
PubMed
概括

奴隶制,不仅仅是吉姆·克劳,通过隔离被奴役的人和自由的有色人种,在美国创造了种族隔离. 这项研究揭示了战前时期的隔离模式,挑战了先前的假设.

科学领域:

  • 社会学 社会学 社会学
  • 历史 历史 历史 历史 历史
  • 人口统计学 人口统计学

背景情况:

  • 关于民权后和吉姆·克劳时期的种族隔离存在广泛的研究.
  • 对于奴隶制在塑造美国黑人居住模式中的作用,人们的关注较少.
  • 一个常见的假设是,奴隶制使种族隔离不必要或不切实际.

研究的目的:

  • 论证奴隶制在战前时期产生了种族隔离.
  • 为了检查奴隶和自由的有色人种的住宅隔离.
  • 挑战奴隶制不需要隔离的假设.

主要方法:

  • 使用来自1850年人口普查的数据.
  • 采用对战前地区的建筑调查.
  • 应用种族威胁理论来测试假设.

主要成果:

  • 自由有色人种的住宅隔离与他们的当地流行程度相关.
  • 奴隶的住房隔离与奴隶人口的普遍性相关.
  • 即使在控制经济竞争和过去的奴隶叛乱时,这些模式仍然存在.

结论:

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  • 奴隶制积极地通过住宅隔离产生了种族隔离.
  • 战前的种族隔离模式受到奴隶和自由黑人人口集中的影响.
  • 这些发现需要重新评估奴隶制对美国住宅隔离的影响.