在极端逆境环境中实施心理社会支持模型:来自哥伦比亚过程评估的经验教训
Arturo Harker Roa1, Natalia Córdoba Flechas2, Andrés Moya3
1School of Government and IMAGINA Research Center, Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia.
在高逆境环境中实施Semillas de Apego (SA) 需要文化适应,强有力的培训和对工作人员的持续支持. 这些因素对于在弱势群体中成功实施幼儿发展干预措施至关重要.
科学领域:
- * 儿童早期发展 (ECD)
- * 心理社会支持
- * 干预科学 干预科学
背景情况:
- *高质量的幼儿投资对于发展至关重要,但规模化具有挑战性.
- * 极端环境 (暴力,流离失所,贫困) 对ECD产生负面影响,阻碍干预实施.
- * Semillas de Apego (SA) 是一个以社区为基础的心理社会支持模式,旨在为高逆境环境中的ECD设计.
研究的目的:
- * 介绍Semillas de Apego (SA) 计划的过程评估.
- * 确定促进暴力影响地区实施质量的因素.
- *为在极端逆境环境中扩大ECD干预提供证据.
主要方法:
- * 在哥伦比亚Tumaco的SA过程评估 (2018-2019).
- * 综合的定性和定量方法.
- * 覆盖了714个家庭,82%是直接的暴力受害者,57%是国内流离失所者.
主要成果:
- * 成功的关键因素:严格的文化适应,结构化的团队培训和强大的监督协议.
- * 统计分析确定了剂量输送的预测因素 (准确性).
- *最初的出席率和教育和就业状况等特征预测了计划的遵守.
结论:
- * 有证据支持开发结构,组织和程序流程,以便在极端逆境中进行有效的ECD干预.
- *成功实施取决于文化适应,员工支持和忠诚度监测.
- * 调查结果表明,在具有挑战性的环境中,心理社会支持模式的扩展.
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