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Speciation describes the formation of one or more new species from one or sometimes multiple original species. The resulting species are discrete from the parent species, and barriers to reproduction will typically exist. There are two primary mechanisms, speciation with and without geographic isolation—allopatric and sympatric speciation, respectively.
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While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
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Genetic variations accumulating within populations over generations give rise to biological evolution. Evolutionary changes can result in the formation of novel varieties and entire new species. These changes are responsible for the diverse forms of life inhabiting the planet. The evidence for evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from common ancestors.
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Morphological and genetic evidence for the <i>Sarcaulus brasiliensis</i> complex (Sapotaceae, Chyrsophylloideae) reveals a new species from the rainforests of the Middle Magdalena Valley, Colombia.

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一个新的物种的新物种.

M Alejandra Jaramillo1, Dayro Rodríguez-Duque2, Magda Escobar-Alba2

  • 1Grupo Diversitas, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, km 2 Via Cajicá-Zipaquirá, Cajicá, Colombia Universidad Militar Nueva Granada Cajicá Colombia.

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概括

在哥伦比亚的山林中发现了一种新的Piper物种,Piperquinchasense. 这一发现扩大了我们对Piper分类学的理解,并为识别相关物种提供了关键.

关键词:
波亚卡 (Boycácá) 是一个城市.巧科地区 巧科地区马克罗斯塔奇斯的分类是皮佩拉莱斯 (Piperales) 是一个管道.热带山地森林 热带山地森林

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科学领域:

  • 植物学 植物学
  • 植物分类学 植物分类学
  • 生物多样性研究 生物多样性研究

背景情况:

  • 新热带地区拥有巨大的植物多样性,在像Piper这样的属内不断发现新的物种.
  • 哥伦比亚的Chocó地区是一个公认的生物多样性热点,需要继续进行植物学探索.

研究的目的:

  • 为了正式描述和说明来自哥伦比亚的新发现物种Piperquinchasense.
  • 为了阐明Piperquinchasense在Macrostachys类中的遗传关系.
  • 为了提供一种实用的识别工具,以皮叶为特征的新热带 Piper 物种.

主要方法:

  • 形态分析和新物种的详细说明.
  • 与密切相关的Piper物种进行比较分类学研究.
  • 开发一个二分化的识别密钥.

主要成果:

  • 皮皮尔昆查森斯被描述为一种新物种,是中部马格达莱纳山谷湿山林的特有物种.
  • 讨论了它在Macrostachys类中的分类定位,强调了其主要的区别特征.
  • 一个包含35种带有叶的新热带 Piper 物种的识别密钥已成功生成.

结论:

  • 发现Piperquinchasense有助于对新热带地区的植物学知识.
  • 提供的识别密钥将有助于研究人员区分相似的Piper物种.
  • 对哥伦比亚的Piper属进行进一步的研究是有必要的,以充分记录其丰富的生物多样性.