老年人功能衰退的轨迹:潜伏阶级增长曲线分析
1University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA.
Western journal of nursing research
|June 8, 2023
概括
这项研究确定了美国老年人功能衰退的三种不同模式:快速,晚期和高基线. 年龄和并发症显著影响了这些轨迹.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 生物统计学 生物统计学
背景情况:
- 很少有研究使用大型,代表性的美国数据库检查了老年人的功能衰退轨迹.
- 了解这些轨迹对于制定有针对性的干预措施和医疗保健策略至关重要.
- 功能衰退显著影响着老年人口的生活质量和医疗保健利用率.
研究的目的:
- 在美国老年人代表性样本中描述功能衰退的平均轨迹.
- 为了确定代表功能衰减模式的潜在类的最佳数量.
- 为了确定这些已识别的类别之间的关键差异.
主要方法:
- 隐性类分析被用来建模功能衰退的非线性轨迹.
- 链接函数被用来建模这些非线性模式.
- 分析了美国老年人的代表性样本.
主要成果:
- 确定了三个不同的功能衰退类别:快速衰退,晚期衰退和高基线.
- 晚期衰退组 (人数最多) 在85岁左右的残疾率急剧上升.
- 快速衰退组从80岁左右开始经历衰退,而高基线组最初的残疾程度很高.
- 年龄和并发症是最有影响力的因素;在控制共变量后,种族和性别对轨迹没有显著影响.
- 对于死亡率,初始年龄,初始功能状态以及关节炎,糖尿病,肺部疾病和中风等并发症,在各类中观察到显著差异.
结论:
- 在美国老年人中存在着功能衰退的不同轨迹.
- 年龄和并发症是功能衰退的主要驱动因素.
- 识别这些独特的模式可以为个性化的老年护理和公共卫生倡议提供信息.
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