抗菌素耐药性的血清型和抗菌素耐药性
María Eugenia León1, Margarita Samudio2, Aníbal Kawabata1
1Laboratorio Central de Salud Pública, Asunción, Paraguay.
Journal of medical microbiology
|June 8, 2023
概括
巴拉圭的肺炎球菌结合疫苗 (PCV) 改变了血清型分布,降低了脑膜炎患者的青素耐药性. 然而,对其他抗生素和非疫苗血清型的耐药性增加可能会影响疫苗的有效性.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 全球范围内,尽管有疫苗接种努力,但Streptococcus pneumoniae会导致儿童的死亡率和发病率显著.
- 了解肺炎球菌血清型分布和抗菌素耐药性对于公共卫生决策至关重要,特别是在巴拉圭.
研究的目的:
- 分析巴拉圭5岁以下儿童肺炎球菌血清型分布和抗菌素耐药性模式.
- 评估在引入肺炎球菌合疫苗 (PCV) 之前和之后的变化.
主要方法:
- 从2006年到2020年对885个分离物和278个PCR阳性临床标本的分析.
- 利用常规和分子微生物学技术进行确认和表征.
- 在疫苗接种前,PCV10后和PCV13后期间比较肺炎球菌病特征.
主要成果:
- 接种疫苗后,PCV10覆盖的血清型显著减少,而PCV13覆盖和非PCV13血清型增加.
- 在脑膜炎病例中,青素耐药性在接种疫苗后降低;没有观察到对 ceftriaxone 的耐药性.
- 非脑膜炎的病例显示,青素和 ceftriaxone 的耐药性略有下降,但对红色素和四环素的耐药性增加.
结论:
- 在PCV引入后观察到循环肺炎球菌血型和抗菌素耐药性模式的转变.
- 非疫苗血清型和多药耐药性 (8.5%) 的增加对肺炎球菌合疫苗的长期成功构成潜在挑战.
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