亚特兰大的花粉和喘发病率:一个26年的时间序列研究研究
Brooke L Lappe1, Stefanie Ebelt1, Rohan R D'Souza2
1Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Environment international
|June 8, 2023
概括
暴露于花粉与喘和喘息的急诊室访问增加有关,特别是来自某些树木,杂草和草的花粉. 这些关联在黑人和年轻人中更强烈,并且随着时间的推移而减弱.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 过敏研究 研究过敏
背景情况:
- 环境因素和喘恶化之间的联系是一个关键的公共卫生问题.
- 虽然喘的一些环境风险因素已得到充分研究,但各种花粉类型和喘之间的具体关系需要进一步研究.
- 了解花粉-喘关联的时间趋势和子组差异对于有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查环境花粉度与亚特兰大佐治亚州喘和喘息的急诊室 (ED) 访问之间的联系.
- 检查这些关联如何根据花粉类型,十年,种族,年龄和保险状况而有所不同.
- 在26年的时间内分析花粉-喘关系的时间变化.
主要方法:
- 使用近似Poisson分布式滞后模型的时间序列分析来评估针对喘/喘息的ED访问与物种化花粉数据.
- 分析了1993-2018年的数据,包括13个单独的花粉种类,并控制了气象和时间因素.
- 根据十年,种族,年龄组 (5-17,18-64,65岁以上) 和保险状况 (医疗补助与非医疗补助) 检查的效果修改.
主要成果:
- 在1993年至2018年期间,总共记录了686,259次ED喘和喘息访问,显示出日益增长的趋势.
- 在ED访问和九种花粉类型之间发现了积极的关联:树木 (树,树,松树,树,柳树,树,木瓜树,木树),杂草 (刺,猪) 和草.
- 率比表明喘/喘息ED访问每标准偏差增加1-8%的花粉,在前几年 (1993-2000),年轻人和黑人患者中观察到更强烈的关联.
结论:
- 特定的花粉类型,包括某些树木,杂草和草,与喘和喘息的急诊室访问增加有关.
- 花粉对喘恶化的影响在黑人和年轻人群体中显得更加明显.
- 有证据表明,在研究期间,花粉-喘关联的强度暂时下降.
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