当微塑料不是塑料时:使用刺激的拉曼显微光谱学对环境微纤维的化学表征
Luca Genchi1, Cecilia Martin2, Sergey P Laptenok1
1Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
The Science of the total environment
|June 8, 2023
概括
大多数环境微纤维都是天然的,而不是塑料. 准确的评估需要光谱方法来区分合成纤维和天然纤维,这对于了解微塑料污染至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 分析化学 分析化学
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
背景情况:
- 微塑料污染是一个日益严重的全球性问题,微纤维是最普遍的类型.
- 之前的研究表明,很大一部分环境微纤维可能不是合成聚合物.
- 精确量化合成微纤维对于环境风险评估至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地确定微纤维在各种环境矩阵中的来源 (自然与人造).
- 在各种水生和沉积物样本中量化塑料和天然微纤维的丰富程度.
- 强调先进分析技术对于准确的微纤维识别的重要性.
主要方法:
- 从地表水,深海沉积物 (>5000米),红树林,海草床和处理水中收集了微纤维.
- 刺激拉曼散射 (SRS) 显微镜用于材料原产地识别.
- 分析了纤维尺寸和来源,以了解环境分布和退化.
主要成果:
- 大约四分之三的分析微纤维被发现是天然来源的.
- 估计的塑料纤维度差异很大,从表面海水中的每50升的1到深海沉积物中的每3克的1 .
- 表面水中的合成纤维比有机纤维大,表明对光降解的抵抗力更大.
结论:
- 大多数环境微纤维来自自然来源,挑战了以前的假设.
- 像SRS显微镜这样的光谱方法对于精确区分天然和合成微纤维至关重要.
- 对合成微纤维污染的可靠评估需要仔细识别材料来源,以避免过度估计塑料污染.
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A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
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The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
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