按年龄和风险状况分类的常规年度流感疫苗接种的成本效益
Ellen Kim DeLuca1, Acham Gebremariam2, Angela Rose2
1Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Susan B. Meister Child Health Evaluation and Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
Vaccine
|June 8, 2023
概括
对于大多数年龄和风险群体,特别是老年人来说,每年接种流感疫苗是具有成本效益的. 常规疫苗接种提供了显著的健康和经济效益,尽管成本效益对于年轻,低风险的人来说有所不同.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 2009年后的流感A(H1N1) 大流行,季节性流感菌株的流行病学发生了转变.
- 引入了普遍流感疫苗接种建议和新的疫苗类型.
- 本研究使用最新证据评估年度流感疫苗接种的成本效益.
研究的目的:
- 评估常规年度流感疫苗接种的成本效益.
- 为了比较疫苗接种与不接种疫苗的健康和经济结果.
- 根据年龄和风险状况分层分析.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个状态过渡模拟模型.
- 输入参数来源于2009年后的疫苗有效性数据.
- 分析使用了社会和医疗保健部门的观点,时间范围为一年,包括永久的结果.
主要成果:
- 接种疫苗的增量成本效益比率 (ICERs) 在大多数群体中低于95,000美元/QALY,除了18-49岁非高风险成年人 (194,000美元/QALY).
- 对于高风险的50岁及以上的成年人来说,接种疫苗节省了成本.
- 结果对流感疾病的概率最敏感;疫苗接种对于65岁以上的人来说仍然具有成本效益,即使疫苗有效率为4%.
结论:
- 流感疫苗的成本效益因年龄和风险而异,对大多数人群来说通常是有利的.
- 非高危工作年龄的成年人显示成本效益较低.
- 疫苗接种仍然是高风险小组的有利策略,即使疫苗有效性低.
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