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相关概念视频

Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

1.0K
Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
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Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

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Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
838
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

1.1K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
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Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

833
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
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Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

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Overview
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Updated: Jul 27, 2025

Tailoring In Vivo Cytotoxicity Assays to Study Immunodominance in Tumor-specific CD8+ T Cell Responses
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Tailoring In Vivo Cytotoxicity Assays to Study Immunodominance in Tumor-specific CD8+ T Cell Responses

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主要有缺陷的CD8

Ellie Taus1, Michael Y Shino2, F Javier Ibarrondo2

  • 1Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.

Journal of translational medicine
|June 8, 2023
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

在肺移植接受者中,mRNA疫苗的效果较差. 这项研究发现了CD8+ T细胞反应中的特定缺陷,这对于对抗感染和预防器官排斥至关重要. 需要提高免疫功能低下个体的疫苗有效性.

关键词:
COVID-19 mRNA 疫苗的使用情况细胞免疫力 细胞免疫力肺移植 肺移植 肺移植这就是SARS-CoV-2病毒.实体器官移植 实体器官移植

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In Vitro Analysis of Myd88-mediated Cellular Immune Response to West Nile Virus Mutant Strain Infection
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In Vitro Analysis of Myd88-mediated Cellular Immune Response to West Nile Virus Mutant Strain Infection

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Tailoring In Vivo Cytotoxicity Assays to Study Immunodominance in Tumor-specific CD8+ T Cell Responses
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In Vitro Analysis of Myd88-mediated Cellular Immune Response to West Nile Virus Mutant Strain Infection
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Real Time Detection of In Vitro Tumor Cell Apoptosis Induced by CD8+ T Cells to Study Immune Suppressive Functions of Tumor-infiltrating Myeloid Cells
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科学领域:

  • 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
  • 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
  • 移植科学 移植科学

背景情况:

  • mRNA疫苗对SARS-CoV-2有效,但在免疫功能低下的人群中可能会失败.
  • 细胞免疫力,特别是CD8+T细胞,对于预防严重的COVID-19至关重要.
  • 肺移植接受者是一个脆弱群体,其疫苗反应的特征不佳.

研究的目的:

  • 为了研究肺移植接受者对mRNA疫苗接种的T细胞反应.
  • 为了比较肺移植接受者与健康对照者的细胞免疫力.
  • 在免疫功能低下的个体中识别疫苗诱导的免疫反应中的潜在缺陷.

主要方法:

  • 在肺移植接受者和mRNA疫苗接种后的健康对照中评估了抗尖端T细胞反应.
  • 刺激的外周血液单核细胞 (PBMC) 与SARS-CoV-2尖端蛋白.
  • 利用细胞内细胞因子染色和流动细胞计量来测量T细胞反应,包括在体外培养后丰富记忆细胞.

主要成果:

  • 肺移植接受者在接种疫苗或增剂后与健康对照者相比,显示CD8+ T细胞记忆反应减少.
  • CD4+ T 细胞记忆反应在各组之间相对相似.
  • 疫苗诱导的CD4+和CD8+T细胞反应在对照组中相关性很好,但在移植接受者中相对较差.

结论:

  • 肺移植接受者在mRNA疫苗接种后表现出CD8+T细胞反应的特定缺陷.
  • CD8+ T细胞对于抗病毒免疫力和预防器官移植排斥都至关重要.
  • 需要制定策略来提高免疫功能低下人群的疫苗免疫性.