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相关概念视频

Antiasthma Drugs: β2-Adrenoceptor Agonists01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: β2-Adrenoceptor Agonists

318
Bronchodilators are critical in managing asthma, a chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway constriction due to inflammation and hyper-reactivity. Specifically, bronchodilators ease this constriction by relaxing the bronchial muscles, facilitating easier breathing.
One class of bronchodilators includes β2-adrenoceptor agonists. These agents target the β2-adrenoceptors located on bronchial smooth muscle cells. By stimulating these receptors, β2-agonists induce...
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Adrenergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses01:30

Adrenergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses

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Adrenergic agonists have diverse therapeutic uses across various medical conditions and emergencies.
Emergency and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) applications: Pressor agents increase blood pressure, heart rate, and contractility in shock and organ failure situations. Dopamine can induce vasodilation and stimulate adrenoceptors. Endogenous catecholamines are effective in treating cardiogenic shock. α2-agonists like clonidine can reverse anesthesia-induced hypertension.
Allergies and...
858
Adrenergic Agonists: Therapeutic Classification01:18

Adrenergic Agonists: Therapeutic Classification

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Adrenergic agonists can be classified based on their therapeutic uses and mechanisms of action. They serve various purposes in clinical applications.
Vasopressor or pressor agents: They increase blood pressure and function as cardiac stimulants. Examples include endogenous catecholamines (norepinephrine and dopamine) and synthetic agents (phenylephrine).
Bronchodilators: β2-agonists can relax bronchial muscles and widen airways. They are commonly used for treating obstructive pulmonary...
873
Adrenergic Agonists: Direct-Acting Agents01:30

Adrenergic Agonists: Direct-Acting Agents

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Drugs that mimic the action of endogenous catecholamines like noradrenaline and adrenaline are called adrenergic agonists or sympathomimetics. Based on their mechanism of action, sympathomimetics can be classified as direct-, indirect-, or mixed-acting sympathomimetics. Direct-acting adrenergic agonists activate adrenoceptors without affecting presynaptic neurons, making them independent of neuronal catecholamine-depleting agents like reserpine and guanethidine.
These agents can be classified...
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Adrenergic Antagonists: Chemistry and Classification of β-Receptor Blockers01:25

Adrenergic Antagonists: Chemistry and Classification of β-Receptor Blockers

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β-adrenergic antagonists, or β-blockers, modulate the sympathetic nervous system by targeting β-adrenoceptors and inhibiting catecholamine-mediated sympathetic responses. β-blockers differ in their adrenoceptor subtype affinity, lipophilicity, and α-blocking capabilities. The history of β-blocker development began with the prototype, dichloroisoprenaline, which exhibited partial agonist activity. As a result, propranolol was developed as a pure antagonist but...
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Adrenergic Antagonists: Pharmacological Actions of ɑ-Receptor Blockers01:22

Adrenergic Antagonists: Pharmacological Actions of ɑ-Receptor Blockers

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α-Adrenergic antagonists, known as α-blockers, exert their effects by inhibiting α-adrenoceptors, leading to specific physiological actions. α1-blockers and α2-blockers have distinct pharmacological actions and therapeutic applications.
α1-blockers: These drugs inhibit α1-adrenoceptors on smooth muscle cells, resulting in vasodilation. This vasodilation lowers blood pressure, making α1-blockers valuable in treating hypertension. Additionally,...
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Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma
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短期作用的β型.

Andrea Yu-Lin Ban1, Paranthaman Vengadasalam2, Sri Wahyu Taher3

  • 1MB Bch BAO (Ireland), MMed (UKM), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Malaysian family physician : the official journal of the Academy of Family Physicians of Malaysia
|June 9, 2023
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

在马来西亚,过度处方高短效β2-激动剂 (SABA) 与较差的喘控制和更严重的喘恶化有关. 这突显了迫切需要更新的临床指南和政策干预措施,以改善喘管理.

关键词:
喘 喘 是一种控制喘 控制喘马来西亚 马来西亚 马来西亚严重的恶化严重恶化.短效β2激动剂 短效β2激动剂

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14:39

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科学领域:

  • 肺部病理学 肺部病理学
  • 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
  • 公共卫生 公共卫生

背景情况:

  • 过度使用短效β2-激动剂 (SABA) 是喘管理中的全球关注.
  • 了解SABA处方模式及其在各种医疗保健环境中的临床影响至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 为了评估马来西亚的SABA处方模式.
  • 调查SABA处方频率与SABINA III队列中的喘控制和严重恶化之间的关联.

主要方法:

  • 在马来西亚的初级和专科护理中心对731名患者 (≥12年) 进行了观察性,横截面研究.
  • 收集了关于处方喘治疗,SABA处方和喘症状控制的数据.
  • 多变量回归模型分析了SABA处方和喘结果之间的关联.

主要成果:

  • 观察到SABA过度处方 (≥3处方/年) 的高患病率 (47.4%).
  • 近10%的患者在没有处方的情况下购买了SABA,很大一部分人购买了多重吸入器.
  • 处方≥3个SABA吸入器与部分控制喘的几率较低和严重恶化的几率较高有关.

结论:

  • 在马来西亚,在不同的医疗保健机构中,SABA的过度处方是一个重大问题.
  • 调查结果强调,医疗保健提供者和政策制定者需要实施基于证据的建议,以减轻SABA的过度使用.
  • 解决SABA过度处方问题对于改善马来西亚的喘控制和减少恶化的情况至关重要.