产生ESBL的高风险克隆的耐药性基因组学和分子流行病学
Sandip Patil1,2, Xiaowen Chen2, Shaowei Dong2
1Department of Haematology and Oncology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
|June 9, 2023
概括
耐多药性Pseudomonas aeruginosa在儿童中是一个日益增长的威胁,对像piperacillin-tazobactam这样的常见抗生素具有很高的耐药性. 携带特定等离子体的耐药菌株的克隆传播有助于应对这一全球卫生挑战.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 分子流行病学分子流行病学
背景情况:
- 伪气球菌感染是导致死亡的重要原因,特别是在儿童群体中.
- 越来越多的抗药性菌株,特别是抗beta-lactam菌株的流行,迫切需要对抗药性机制和流行病学进行调查.
- 在全球范围内,关于P. aeruginosa在幼儿中的分布和耐药性概况的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 来自中国儿童医院的P. aeruginosa临床分离物的分子流行病学和抗生素耐药性机制的研究.
- 确定流行耐药基因,等离子体类型和序列类型,这些基因和序列类型有助于在儿科P. aeruginosa感染中产生多药耐药性.
主要方法:
- 分析294个非重复的P. aeruginosa临床分离物,使用标准的微生物鉴定和抗微生物敏感性测试 (VITEK®2,稀释).
- 通过双盘协同和E测试方法检测扩展光谱β-乳糖酶 (ESBL) 和金属β-乳糖酶 (MBL) 生产.
- 分子表征包括PCR和对β-乳糖酶基因 (blaCTX-M-15,blaNDM-1),氨基糖化物抗性基因 (aac(3) IIIa),糖环素抗性基因 (tet(A) 的测序,等离子体类型和多位置序列类型 (MLST) 的测序.
主要成果:
- 观察到的抗药性高率包括:皮佩拉西林-塔扎巴克坦 (56%),塞菲皮姆 (40%),塞夫塔齐迪姆 (39%),伊米佩内姆 (36%),梅罗佩内姆 (33%) 和西普罗夫洛克萨辛 (32%).
- 确定了ESBL生产者的流行 (42%),其中 blaCTX-M-15 (32%) 和 blaNDM-1 (26%) 碳酶. 还检测到抗性基因 aac(3) IIIa (16%) 和 tet(A) (12%).
- 鉴定了多种P. aeruginosa菌株,其中ST1963,ST381和ST234是最常见的. 常见的等离子体类型包括IncFI,IncFIS,Inca/C,MOBP,MOBH,MOBF和MOBQ.
结论:
- 携带各种耐药性等质体的P. aeruginosa菌株的克隆传播和传播正在推动抗生素耐药性的上升.
- 这在医院环境中构成了重大和日益增长的威胁,特别是对脆弱的幼儿.
- 制定强有力的预防和控制策略至关重要,以打击多药耐药P. aeruginosa在儿童群体中的传播.
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