不同的人工智能用户界面对肺结节和在胸部X射线图上的质量检测的影响
Jennifer S N Tang1, Jeffrey K C Lai1, John Bui1
1From the Department of Radiology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, 300 Grattan St, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia (J.S.N.T., J.K.C.L., J.B., W.W., P.S., D.G., J.C., D.M.P., S.B.H., F.G., E.L.); and Department of Radiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia (J.K.C.L., J.B., W.W., P.S., D.M.P., S.B.H., F.G., E.L.).
Radiology. Artificial intelligence
|June 9, 2023
概括
纯文本的人工智能 (AI) 用户界面改善了放射科医生在胸部X射线图上检测肺结节和质量的情况. 然而,首选的AI接口并没有提高诊断性能.
科学领域:
- 放射学和医学成像学 医学成像学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 诊断性绩效评估的诊断性绩效评估是如何进行的
背景情况:
- 胸部X射线图对于检测肺结节和质量至关重要.
- 人工智能 (AI) 在提高诊断准确性方面表现有前途.
- 评估不同人工智能用户界面 (UI) 对放射科医生的表现的影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估各种AI输出UI如何影响放射科医生在胸部X射线图上识别肺结节和质量的表现.
- 在不同的AI UI设计中确定放射科医生的偏好.
主要方法:
- 一项追溯的对读者研究评估了三个AIUI与没有AI.
- 十位放射科医生分析了140张胸部X射线图,有或没有人工智能辅助.
- 通过使用接收器操作特征曲线 (AUC) 下的面积来测量诊断性能.
主要成果:
- 与没有AI相比,只有文本AIUI显著改善了AUC (0.87对0.82,P<.001).
- 结合AI信心评分和文本,或文本与图像叠加,并没有显著改变性能.
- 尽管性能差异很大,但80%的放射科医生更喜欢用文本,AI信心评分和图像叠加的UI.
结论:
- 一个仅为文本的AI UI增强了放射科医生在检测胸部X射线图上的肺结节和质量的性能.
- 放射科医生对AI UI的偏好并不一定与改善的诊断性能有关.
- 需要进一步的研究来优化AI UI设计以获得临床采用.
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