从中获得的跨物种常见豆种群
Sergio Cruz1, Juan Lobatón1, Milan O Urban1
1Bean Breeding Program, International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Palmira, Colombia.
Frontiers in plant science
|June 9, 2023
概括
研究人员开发了一种新方法,将常见豆与耐热的茶豆交叉,创建了一个用于研究作物的耐热度的测绘群体. 这种进步有助于培育豆类,提高了对高温的抵抗力.
科学领域:
- 植物遗传学 植物遗传学
- 农作物科学 农作物科学
- 农业 农业 农业 农业
背景情况:
- 常见豆 (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) 是全球重要的豆类作物,但其繁殖发育对热应激敏感,特别是夜间温度升高.
- 沙漠特帕里豆 (Phaseolus acutifolius A. A. A. A. A.) 是一种在沙漠中生长的豆类. 灰色) 拥有宝贵的热量和干旱适应基因,由于其自然适应干旱环境.
- 常见豆和茶豆之间的传统杂交是困难的,需要复杂的技术,如体外胚胎救援和广泛的逆交,阻碍了热耐受性研究必不可少的映射种群的发展.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种新的跨物种测绘种群,用于研究普通豆的耐热性.
- 为了克服与杂交普通豆和茶豆种类相关的挑战.
- 通过使用独特的桥梁基因型来确定赋予耐热性的遗传区域.
主要方法:
- 从Phaseolus vulgaris,P. acutifolius和P. parvifolius开发了一个桥梁基因型 (VAP1),与普通豆和茶豆豆兼容.
- 通过野生P. acutifolius接入和中美洲精英普通灌木豆系之间的重复交叉,创建一个跨物种的映射群.
- 基因型测序 (GBS) 用于种群基因型和全基因组关联研究 (GWAS) 来评估耐热性.
主要成果:
- 开发的测绘群体中包含来自野生豆和P. parvifolius. 的遗传区域的显著内进 (59.8%).
- 确定了27个显著的定量特征位点 (QTL),其中9个位于tepary入侵段内.
- 这些进化细分影响了种子重量,组,种子数量,茎生产和高温条件下的产量等特征.
结论:
- 桥梁基因型VAP1有效地促进了普通豆和茶豆之间的跨物种交叉.
- 由此衍生出的跨物种线表现出有利于耐热度的生理变异.
- 这种新的测绘种群为剖析普通豆耐热性遗传基础和培育适应气候变化的品种提供了宝贵的资源.
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