在洞察力中追踪执行职能
Anna Savinova1, Julia Padalka1, Igor Makarov1
1Yaroslavl State University.
The Journal of general psychology
|June 9, 2023
概括
这项研究探讨了洞察力解决问题的执行功能. 虽然特定的功能没有映射到解决方案阶段,但更高的认知负载与任务复杂性相关,并在洞察解决方案的最后达到顶峰.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 解决人类问题的方法
背景情况:
- 工作记忆的中央执行官通常被视为单一的能力,导致关于其在洞察力问题解决中的作用的不一致的发现.
- 更细致的观点表明,不同的执行功能 (更新,抑制,转移) 可能在洞察的不同阶段是至关重要的.
- 了解执行功能和洞察力之间的相互作用对于认知理论至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究特定执行功能 (更新,抑制,转移) 与洞察力解决问题的不同阶段之间的关系.
- 通过使用双任务模式,检查认知负载对洞察过程的影响.
- 为了确定什么时候在洞察力问题解决过程中发生最高的认知负载.
主要方法:
- 采用双任务模式,在洞察力问题解决任务期间操纵认知负载.
- 评估问题解决的不同阶段的绩效.
- 与不同级别的执行功能需求相关的测量认知负载.
主要成果:
- 具体的执行职能与洞察问题中的不同的解决阶段之间没有发现直接关系.
- 在双重任务的复杂性和由此产生的认知负载之间观察到显著的正相关性.
- 在洞察解决过程的高潮前,一直观察到最高的认知负载.
结论:
- 更新,抑制和转移在特定洞察阶段的假设不同的角色没有经验支持.
- 增加的任务复杂性提高了洞察力问题解决过程中的认知负载.
- 认知负载的晚期激增可能源于工作记忆资源的减少或像表示变化这样的密集认知事件.
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