竞争性青少年前游泳者的肩膀结构和力量:一个纵向超声波研究
Aykut Özçadırcı1, Yahya Doğan1, Ferhat Öztürk1
1Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
概括
在年轻游泳者中,重复的游泳训练增加了肩膀肌肉的强度和肌和部头部软骨的厚度. 然而,在整个赛季中,上肌的厚度和上的距离保持不变.
科学领域:
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 儿科运动医学 儿科运动医学
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 在竞技游泳中,重复的头部运动会影响年轻运动员的肩膀结构.
- 了解这些变化对于预防受伤和优化青春期前游泳者的表现至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了前性地研究竞争性游泳季节对青春期前游泳者的肩膀周关节结构和肌肉力量的影响.
- 为了识别由于训练而导致的肩部解剖学和功能的潜在适应.
主要方法:
- 一项前性队列研究涉及24名青春期前游泳者 (年龄为10-12岁) 在一个竞争赛季内进行.
- 超声波被用来测量上肌厚度,部头部软骨厚度,部肌肉厚度和部部距离.
- 在季前赛,中赛和季后赛中使用手持式动力表评估了肩膀和背部 (前脊,形) 的同度肌肉力量.
主要成果:
- 在整个游泳季节,海肌厚度和部骨头软骨厚度显著增加 (分别为p=0.002和p=0.008).
- 肩膀肌肉强度,包括曲,延伸,拉伸和旋转,显著改善 (所有p<0.05).
- 上肌的厚度和上肌的距离没有显著变化,背部肌肉强度在所有测量期间保持一致 (所有p>0.05).
结论:
- 游泳季节导致青春期前游泳者进行有利的适应,包括增加三角体肌肉和部头部软骨厚度,增强肩部肌肉力量.
- 这些发现表明,肩膀结构可以积极适应这个年龄段的竞争性游泳需求.
- 上肌厚度和上肌距离没有变化,可能表明这些特定结构的弹性或不同的适应模式.
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