微生理模型用于基于机制的预测特异性DILI的机理模型
Sydney Stern1, Hongbing Wang1, Nakissa Sadrieh2
1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, 20 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Cells
|June 10, 2023
概括
通过结合免疫细胞和3D结构,奇异的药物诱导性肝损伤 (iDILI) 模型正在进步. 这些以人为基础的系统旨在改善药物对肝损伤的预测,解决当前临床前模型的局限性.
科学领域:
- * 药理学和毒理学
- * 免疫学 免疫学
- *再生医学是一种再生医学.
背景情况:
- *药物诱导性肝损伤 (DILI) 是药物开发中的一个重大挑战,由于复杂的致病性,特异性DILI (iDILI) 带来了特殊的困难.
- * 目前的临床前模型往往无法准确预测iDILI,强调需要更相关和更具预测性的系统.
- *由免疫反应驱动的肝炎是iDILI病变发生的关键组成部分.
研究的目的:
- * 审查和突出研究免疫介导iDILI的体外共同培养模型的进展.
- *专注于基于人体的3D多细胞模型,其中包括免疫细胞,以更好地模仿肝脏的微环境.
- * 讨论iDILI开发更具预测性的模型的挑战和未来方向.
主要方法:
- *对体外共同培养模型的审查,强调基于人类的3D多细胞系统.
- *包括非体肝细胞 (库弗细胞,星状细胞,树突细胞,肝侧内皮细胞) 来模拟肝脏微环境和免疫相互作用.
- *分析了1996-2010年间因DILI而被召回的药物及其在各种模型中的研究.
主要成果:
- * 结合免疫细胞的基于人类的3D多细胞模型提供了一个有前途的方法来补充iDILI研究的现有体内模型.
- *这些先进的模型有助于研究异型细胞-细胞相互作用和对iDILI至关重要的免疫介导机制.
- * 审查强调了协调和比较不同IDILI模型特征的必要性.
结论:
- *通过先进的体外模型来了解iDILI病变的进展对于改善药物安全查至关重要.
- * 免疫介导机制和肝脏微环境是开发更具预测性的肝毒性模型的关键目标.
- *未来的研究应该集中在解决模型开发方面的挑战,包括终点,3D架构,细胞采购和多阶段机制,以更好地预测临床肝损伤.
相关概念视频
Mechanistic Models: Overview of Compartment Models
121
Mechanistic models, a category encompassing both physiological and compartmental modeling, differ from empirical models' approaches to incorporating known factors about the systems being modeled. Empirical models describe data with minimal assumptions, while mechanistic models aim to provide a robust description of available data by specifying assumptions and integrating known factors about the system. Compartmental analysis is a key example of a mechanistic model in pharmacokinetics and...
121
Pharmacokinetic Models: Comparison and Selection Criterion
110
Physiological and compartmental models are valuable tools used in studying biological systems. These models rely on differential equations to maintain mass balance within the system, ensuring an accurate representation of the dynamic processes at play.
Physiological models take a detailed approach by considering specific molecular processes. They can predict drug distribution, metabolism, and elimination changes, providing a comprehensive understanding of how drugs interact with the body.
Physiological models take a detailed approach by considering specific molecular processes. They can predict drug distribution, metabolism, and elimination changes, providing a comprehensive understanding of how drugs interact with the body.
110
Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Individual and Population Analysis
67
Mechanistic models are utilized in individual analysis using single-source data, but imperfections arise due to data collection errors, preventing perfect prediction of observed data. The mathematical equation involves known values (Xi), observed concentrations (Ci), measurement errors (εi), model parameters (ϕj), and the related function (ƒi) for i number of values. Different least-squares metrics quantify differences between predicted and observed values. The ordinary least...
67
Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Blood Flow-Limited Versus Diffusion-Limited Models
119
Physiological pharmacokinetic models, often called flow-limited or perfusion models, typically assume a swift drug distribution between tissue and venous blood, creating a rapid drug equilibrium. This premise is based on the idea that drug diffusion is extremely fast, and the cell membrane presents no barrier to drug permeation. In this scenario, where no drug binding occurs, the drug concentration in the tissue equals that of the venous blood leaving the tissue. This greatly simplifies the...
119
Pharmacokinetic Models: Overview
819
Pharmacokinetic models utilize mathematical analysis to achieve a detailed quantitative understanding of a drug's life cycle within the body. They are instrumental in simulating a drug's pharmacokinetic parameters, predicting drug concentrations over time, optimizing dosage regimens, linking concentrations with pharmacologic activity, and estimating potential toxicity.
There are three primary types of models: empirical, compartment, and physiological. Empirical models, with minimal...
There are three primary types of models: empirical, compartment, and physiological. Empirical models, with minimal...
819
Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Incorporating Hepatic Transporter-Mediated Clearance
64
Drug transporters are critical in drug absorption, distribution, and excretion processes. They should be included in physiological-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models, which help predict human drug disposition. However, predicting this is challenging during drug development, especially when liver transport is involved. However, with a realistic representation of body transport processes, an accurate model may be possible.
A recent model describes pravastatin's hepatobiliary excretion,...
A recent model describes pravastatin's hepatobiliary excretion,...
64


