通过使用基于递归特征消除方法的分类算法分析声信号来自动和早期检测帕金森病
Khaled M Alalayah1, Ebrahim Mohammed Senan2, Hany F Atlam3
1Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Arts, Najran University, Sharurah 68341, Saudi Arabia.
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 10, 2023
概括
通过优化机器学习模型,使用语音分析进行早期帕金森病 (PD) 诊断得到了改善. 新技术提高了从语音障碍中检测PD的准确性,有助于早期干预.
科学领域:
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 计算神经科学是一种神经科学.
- 医疗保健中的机器学习
背景情况:
- 帕金森病 (PD) 是一种神经退行性疾病,影响多巴胺的产生,导致运动和其他症状.
- 目前的PD诊断依赖于物理/心理测试,通常在疾病进展晚期.
- 语音分析为早期PD检测提供了一个有希望的,非侵入性的方法.
研究的目的:
- 通过语音分析,提出和评估用于优化机器学习 (ML) 模型用于早期帕金森病诊断的新技术.
- 通过改进ML算法的特征选择和超参数调整来提高PD检测的准确性和效率.
主要方法:
- 利用语音录音来提取PD诊断的相关特征.
- 应用合成少数超样本技术 (SMOTE) 用于数据集平衡.
- 使用递归特征消除 (RFE) 进行特征选择和t分布式随机邻居嵌入 (t-SNE) 和主要组件分析 (PCA) 进行维度缩小.
- 训练并评估了多个ML分类器,包括支持矢量机器 (SVM),K-最近邻居 (KNN),决策树 (DT),随机森林 (RF) 和多层感知器 (MLP).
主要成果:
- 随机森林 (RF) 分类器与t分布式随机邻居嵌入 (t-SNE) 结合,实现了97%的准确性,96.50%的精度,94%的回忆率和95%的F1分数.
- 多层感知器 (MLP) 分类器与主要组件分析 (PCA) 显示出卓越的性能,准确率为98%,精度为97.66%,回忆率为96%和F1得分为96.66%.
- 这些优化的ML技术显著优于通过语音分析诊断PD的现有方法.
结论:
- 优化的机器学习模型,特别是PCA的MLP和t-SNE的RF,为早期发现帕金森病提供了高度准确和高效的方法.
- 通过先进的ML技术增强的语音分析,为诊断帕金森病提供了一种可行的非侵入性方法.
- 拟议的特征优化和超参数调整策略代表了帕金森病早期诊断的重大进展.
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