在近期气候变化情景下,Pilocarpus microphyllus在亚马逊/塞拉多生物群的潜在分布
Waléria P Monteiro1, Everaldo B de Souza1, Leonardo de Sousa Miranda2
1Instituto de Geociências, PPG-Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66077-830, PA, Brazil.
Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 10, 2023
概括
气候变化威胁着Pilocarpus microphyllus的分布,这是一个重要的药用植物. 迫切需要进行保护工作,以保护其息地和巴西的社会经济重要性.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 生物地理学 生物地理学 生物地理学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
背景情况:
- 皮洛卡普斯微型植物 (Pilocarpus microphyllus) 被称为贾博兰迪 (jaborandi),是一种临灭绝的巴西药用植物,也是皮洛卡普因的唯一来源.
- 皮洛卡尔对于治疗青光眼和异口症至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在气候变化场景下建模P. microphyllus目前和未来的地理分布.
- 确定保护和可持续管理的关键领域.
主要方法:
- 使用的物种分布模型 (SDM) 具有十个算法.
- 使用了三个全球循环模型 (GCM) 和两个代表性度路径 (SSPs:SSP2-4.5和SSP5-8.5).
- 确定了影响分布的关键生物气候变量,特别是降雨季节性 (Bio15) 和最干燥月份降雨量 (Bio14).
主要成果:
- 在亚马逊,塞拉多和卡廷加生物群中确定了P. microphyllus发生的四个主要区域.
- 预计到2040年,在过渡区 (马拉纳的亚马逊-塞拉多) 和卡廷加生物群 (皮亚乌伊) 中,将出现显著的息地丧失.
- 预计在亚马逊生物群 (Pará) 内的保护区扩大息地.
结论:
- 气候变化对P. microphyllus种群和来自jaborandi的社会经济利益构成重大风险.
- 迫切需要实施保护和可持续管理的公共政策.
- 建议将保护重点放在已确定的关键地区和保护区,以减轻气候变化影响.
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