聚合物材料排名的阻燃性指数 (FRI) 用于聚合物材料的排名
Henri Vahabi1, Elnaz Movahedifar1, Baljinder K Kandola2
1Université de Lorraine, CentraleSupélec, LMOPS, F-57000 Metz, France.
Polymers
|June 10, 2023
概括
火焰阻燃性指数 (FRI) 可靠地使用圆热量计对聚合物阻燃性进行分类. 测试了新的变体,以评估额外的参数是否可以改善FRI.
科学领域:
- 材料科学与工程 材料科学与工程
- 聚合物科学 聚合物科学
- 消防安全工程 消防安全工程
背景情况:
- 阻燃性指数 (FRI) 于2019年推出,作为对阻燃性聚合物材料进行分类的通用无维度度指标.
- FRI利用圆热量计数据,特别是峰值热释放率 (pHRR),总热释放率 (THR) 和点火时间 (ti),来量化与参考聚合物相对的火焰阻燃性.
- 该指数将材料分类为差 (FRI < 100),好 (100 ≤ FRI < 101) 或优秀 (FRI ≥ 101) 的材料,并且已经证明了对热塑性和热性复合材料的可靠性.
研究的目的:
- 调查是否结合额外的热量计参数,如pHRR (tp) 的时间,可以提高火焰阻抗指数 (FRI) 的预测能力.
- 定义和评估新的FRI变体,以评估分类能力和变化间隔.
- 引入来自热解燃烧流热量计 (PCFC) 数据的可燃性指数 (FI),并探索其与FRI的关系,以更深入地了解阻燃机制.
主要方法:
- 分析现有的热量计数据集,以评估额外参数对FRI分类的影响.
- 开发和应用新的FRI变体来评估分类的稳定性和可变性.
- 使用 Pyrolysis Combustion Flow Calorimetry (PCFC) 数据来定义可燃性指数 (FI).
主要成果:
- 该研究证实了FRI在不同材料类型中对聚合物阻燃性能进行排名的确定的可靠性.
- 介绍了新的FRI变体的探索及其分类能力.
- 引入基于PCFC数据的FI指标,以促进与FRI进行比较分析.
结论:
- 阻燃性指数 (FRI) 仍然是一个有价值和可靠的工具,用于快速分类聚合物阻燃性.
- 对FRI变体的进一步研究以及FRI和FI之间的相关性可能会为阻燃机制提供更深入的见解.
- 这项研究鼓励进一步研究缩相 (FRI) 和气相 (FI) 阻燃度量之间的关系.
相关概念视频
Polymer Classification: Architecture
2.8K
Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
2.8K
Polymer Classification: Crystallinity
2.9K
Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
2.9K
Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity
2.5K
Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
2.5K
Flame Photometry: Lab
282
In a flame photometer, when a solution like potassium chloride is aspirated into the flame, the solvent evaporates, leaving behind dehydrated salt. This salt dissociates into free gaseous atoms in their ground state. Some of these atoms absorb energy from the flame, leading to their excitation. The excited atoms return to the ground state, emitting photons at characteristic wavelengths. Because only electronic transitions are involved, the resulting emission lines are very narrow. The intensity...
282
Polymers: Molecular Weight Distribution
3.5K
For any given polymer, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is higher than, if not equal to, the number average molecular weight (Mn). The only situation in which the weight average molecular weight and the number average molecular weight are equal is when a polymer consists only of chains with equal molecular weight. However, this never happens in a synthetic polymer, since it is difficult to control the polymerization process up to a molecular level with accuracy to a hundred percent.
3.5K
Flame Photometry: Overview
674
Flame photometry, also known as flame emission spectrometry, is a technique used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of elements present in a sample using a flame as the source of excitation energy. The concept of flame photometry was realized in the early 1860s by Kirchhoff and Bunsen, who discovered that specific elements emit characteristic radiation when excited in flames. The first instrument developed for this purpose was used to measure sodium (Na) in plant ash using a Bunsen...
674


