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饮食成分对乳腺癌风险的因果关系:孟德尔的随机化研究
Hao Dong1, Xiangyi Kong1, Xiangyu Wang1
1National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
Nutrients
|June 10, 2023
概括
较高的蛋白质摄入量可能会预防乳腺癌,而增加的糖摄入量会从遗传上提升风险. 这项研究使用孟德尔随机化探索了饮食中的宏观营养素和乳腺癌亚型.
科学领域:
- 营养流行病学 营养流行病学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 遗传流行病学遗传流行病学
背景情况:
- 乳腺癌是全球女性中最常见的恶性瘤,对健康构成重大挑战.
- 饮食因素越来越多地被认为是它们在乳腺癌发展中的潜在因果作用.
- 了解饮食与乳腺癌的联系可以为临床营养策略提供信息.
研究的目的:
- 调查相对宏观营养素摄入量 (蛋白质,碳水化合物,糖,脂肪) 与乳腺癌风险之间的因果关系.
- 检查这些饮食成分对特定乳腺癌亚型的影响.
- 为预防乳腺癌提供基于证据的营养指导.
主要方法:
- 采用了两个样本的门德尔随机化 (MR) 分析.
- 研究了四种相对宏观营养素摄入量:蛋白质,碳水化合物,糖和脂肪.
- 敏感性分析包括MR-PRESSO,MR-Egger拦截,Cochran的Q,漏斗图,以及留下一个漏洞分析以确保稳定性.
主要成果:
- 较高的相对蛋白质摄入量表明对Luminal A和整体乳腺癌有保护作用.
- 增加的相对糖摄入量与更高的Luminal B和HER2阳性乳腺癌风险有遗传关联.
- 研究结果表明,巨量营养素对乳腺癌亚型有着明显的遗传影响.
结论:
- 饮食中较高比例的蛋白质在遗传上与乳腺癌风险降低有关.
- 相反,较高的相对糖摄入量在遗传上与某些乳腺癌类型的风险增加有关.
- 饮食成分,特别是蛋白质和糖的摄入,在乳腺癌的发展中发挥着基因影响的作用.
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