评估生物多样性抵消对本土植被的影响
Sophus O S E Zu Ermgassen1,2, Katie Devenish3, B Alexander Simmons4
1Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Global change biology
|June 10, 2023
概括
生物多样性补偿政策在增加植被方面取得了有限的成功. 维多利亚时代的一项研究发现,大多数植被收益不是额外的,质疑植被收益的有效性.
科学领域:
- 环境政策 环境政策
- 保护科学 保护科学
- 生态影响评估 环境影响评估
背景情况:
- 生物多样性抵消是平衡发展和保护的关键政策.
- 对生物多样性抵消政策有效性的证据仍然很少.
- 司法抵消政策旨在防止生物多样性丧失,并实现净收益.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估维多利亚州的结果,澳大利亚的司法管辖区生物多样性抵消政策.
- 评估本土植被框架 (2002-2013) 对木质植被范围和质量的影响.
- 调查不同类型的补偿 ("避免损失"和"再生") 在实现保护目标方面的有效性.
主要方法:
- 抵消的分类为"避免损失"和"再生"类型.
- 2008年至2018年木质植被范围变化的评估.
- 两种反事实估计方法:对生物物理共变量进行统计匹配,并与以后作为补偿注册的地点进行比较.
- 分析以考虑土地所有者参与中的自我选择偏见.
主要成果:
- 统计匹配表明再生补偿增加了木质植被面积的1.9%-3.6%/年.
- 第二种方法,考虑自我选择偏差,将这一估计减少到0.3%-1.9%/年,随着异常值的去除而消失.
- 在"避免损失"抵消方面没有发现显著影响.
- 大多数观察到的植被增加可能不是该计划的附加结果.
结论:
- 由于数据限制,维多利亚州生物多样性抵消政策在实现"净收益"方面的有效性是不确定的.
- 显著的部分植被增加并非归因于抵消计划,这表明附加性有限.
- 自选偏见和方法挑战使司法管辖区生物多样性抵消政策的强有力的评估变得复杂.
相关概念视频
01:50Threats to Biodiversity
22.5K
There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...
22.5K
01:57What is Conservation Biology?
18.5K
Conservation biology is a scientific field that focuses on the preservation of biodiversity in order to protect ecosystems while meeting the needs of the human population. Humans require properly functioning ecosystems to maintain our supply of natural resources, including food, medicines, and building materials.
18.5K
01:24Biodiversity and Human Values
13.2K
Human civilization relies on biodiversity in many ways. Sudden changes in species biodiversity result in environmental changes that can modify weather patterns and therefore human civilizations.
13.2K
02:31Habitat Fragmentation
17.7K
Habitat fragmentation describes the division of a more extensive, continuous habitat into smaller, discontinuous areas. Human activities such as land conversion, as well as slower geological processes leading to changes in the physical environment, are the two leading causes of habitat fragmentation. The fragmentation process typically follows the same steps: perforation, dissection, fragmentation, shrinkage, and attrition.
17.7K
02:07Conservation of Declining Populations
9.7K
Conservation of declining population focuses on ways of detecting, diagnosing, and halting a population decline. The approach uses methods to prevent populations from going extinct.
9.7K
02:26Ecological Disturbance
17.2K
An ecological disturbance is a temporary disruption in the environment resulting from abiotic, biotic, or anthropogenic factors, causing a pronounced change in an ecosystem. The impact of an ecological disturbance, which can depend on its intensity, frequency, and spatial distribution, plays a significant role in shaping the species diversity within the ecosystem.
17.2K