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现有的溺水定义是否符合新的定义:一个范围审查
Ali Davoudi Kiakalayeh1, Reza Mohammadi2, Shahrokh Yousefzade Chabok3
1Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences. Rasht, Iran.Email: davoudikiakalayeh@gmail.com.
Journal of injury & violence research
|June 11, 2023
概括
专家们对溺水的定义缺乏共识,强调需要更清晰的术语. 本综述分析了各种溺水术语,为"非致命溺水"和"致命溺水"提出了标准化的定义,以提高理解.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 紧急医疗 紧急医疗
- 法医科学 法医科学 法医科学
背景情况:
- 现有的文献显示,有关溺水的定义和术语,专家和组织之间存在重大分歧.
- 这种缺乏共识,阻碍了对溺水事件及其结果的清晰理解.
研究的目的:
- 批判性地审查科学文献中关于溺水的各种定义和术语.
- 确定共识领域并提出标准化术语,以提高溺水研究和实践的清晰度.
主要方法:
- 从1960年到2020年,在七个电子数据库 (PubMed,EMBASE,CINAHL,MEDLINE,体育讨论,社会科学) 进行了全面的文献搜索.
- 搜索术语包括"溺水"",几乎溺水"",潜水"和"沉浸". 此外,还包括来自Cochrane数据库的系统审查.
- 确定了大约2500篇文章,其中25篇文章专门涉及溺水定义,正在接受批判性审查.
主要成果:
- 该审查确定了至少20个不同的结果指标和大量的溺水事件的各种定义.
- 常见的术语包括干溺水和湿溺水,二次溺水,吸入或不吸入的溺水,以及根据目击者身份和水类型 (盐/淡水) 的变化.
- 在所有审查的定义中观察到显著缺乏共识.
结论:
- 尽管观察到缺乏共识,但应该保留"非致命溺水" (在救援后死亡,存活时间和并发症超过24小时) 和"致命溺水" (在现场死亡或潜水后24小时内死亡) 的术语.
- 标准化定义对于对溺水事件的一致报告和研究至关重要.
- 需要进一步努力,为溺水事件建立普遍接受的术语.
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