结构性种族主义,历史性红线和美国城市功能衰竭的发生率,2012-2019年
Kevin H Nguyen1,2, Rachel Buckle-Rashid3,4, Rebecca Thorsness2,5
1Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN
|June 12, 2023
概括
居住在历史上被红线划分的社区 (D级) 与今天更高的功能衰竭率有关. 这项研究表明,过去的种族主义住房政策如何继续影响当前的脏健康差异,尤其是对黑人来说.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
- 环境健康 环境健康
背景情况:
- 历史性的红线划分,这是20世纪30年代的住房政策,根据种族构成,根据抵押贷款风险对社区进行分级.
- 这种歧视性做法与当今的健康差异和住宅隔离有关.
- 病的种族不平等,特别是黑人个人,与结构性不平等有关.
研究的目的:
- 检查历史上的红线社区 (HOLC等级D) 与当前功能衰竭发病率之间的关联.
- 调查历史种族主义住房政策对当代脏健康不平等的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了发生功能衰竭的个人的注册表.
- 雇员数字化了房屋所有者贷款公司 (HOLC) 的地图,以识别历史上红线划分的人口普查区 (D级).
- 分析了2012-2019年美国141个大都市地区的CT水平功能衰竭发病率.
主要成果:
- 与A级社区相比,HOLC等级D社区的功能衰竭发病率明显高 (740.7对每百万326.5).
- 黑人成年人经历了更高的功能衰竭发病率,无论HOLC等级.
- 在HOLC等级D地区的黑人人患病率高于HOLC等级A地区的黑人患病率 (1227.1对1030.5每百万).
结论:
- 历史上的红线与目前功能衰竭发病率的差异有关.
- 这些发现表明,历史上的种族主义政策对当代在健康方面的种族不平等产生了持久的影响.
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