住院与医学院的距离与虚拟应用程序之间的关系,学校的特点和专业竞争力之间的关系
Ammar Hasnie1, Usman Hasnie1, Benjamin Nelson1
1Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, USA.
Cureus
|June 12, 2023
概括
由于COVID-19大流行,美国医学学生的地理距离缩短了. 像公立学校,更高的州内百分比和研究资金等因素影响了更紧密的住所匹配.
科学领域:
- 医学教育 医学教育
- 居住地匹配流程的过程.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 随着COVID-19大流行,医疗住院申请发生了重大变化,消除了离校轮换,并将面试转移到虚拟格式.
- 这种干扰需要对其对高级医学学生住院匹配过程的地理结果的影响进行审查.
研究的目的:
- 调查COVID-19大流行对所有医学专业的美国 (美国) 高年级医学学生地理匹配距离的影响.
- 分析机构类型,研究资金,地理区域和专业竞争力等因素如何影响疫情前和后的比赛距离.
主要方法:
- 利用公开可用的2018-2021年美国医学学生匹配数据.
- 开发了一种新的"匹配空间"指标来量化地理匹配距离,根据医学院的近距离对匹配进行分类 (家庭机构,州,相邻州,人口普查部门或非相邻州).
- 采用顺序逻辑回归来分析与流行病相关的变化和机构/专业特征对匹配距离的影响,控制共变量.
主要成果:
- 疫情后,整体"比赛空间"下降,表明地理位置较短的比赛 (调整后赔率比率[OR] 0.94,p=0.006).
- 较短的匹配距离与公共机构 (OR 0.74),NIH资助的顶级学校 (OR 0.88) 和特定地区 (东北,西部) 有关.
- 较长的匹配距离与私立学校 (OR 1.11),南方地区 (OR 1.62) 和更具竞争力的专业 (OR 1.08) 相相关.
结论:
- 随着COVID-19大流行,医学学生与他们的家庭机构更接近.
- 公立学校,州内入学比例较高的机构,以及研究排名较强的机构与较短的匹配距离有关.
- 专业竞争力和地理区域仍然是影响居住距离的重要因素.
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