通过RNA处理效率调节成熟的mRNA水平
Callum Henfrey1, Shona Murphy1, Michael Tellier1,2
1Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK.
NAR genomics and bioinformatics
|June 12, 2023
概括
基因表达受到RNA处理效率的调节. 低RNA处理效率和高RNA聚合酶II CTD Thr4酸化与降低成熟mRNA水平和增加染色体协会有关.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 基因表达规范 基因表达规范
- 处理RNA处理RNA处理
背景情况:
- 转录和共转录过程,包括mRNA前拼接和mRNA裂变/多基化,对于成熟的mRNA生产至关重要.
- RNA聚合酶II核糖基终端域 (CTD) 协调转录与这些共同转录事件.
- 聚IICTD的动态酸化调节了基本转录因子的招募.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究成熟mRNA水平和多IICTD酸化之间的关系.
- 检查RNA稳定性,mRNA前拼接和mRNA裂变/多化效率在基因表达中的作用.
- 了解这些因素如何集体调节成熟mRNAs的丰富性.
主要方法:
- 对成熟mRNA水平与pol II CTD酸化模式相关的分析.
- 预mRNA拼接效率的评估.
- 评估mRNA裂变和多化.
- 测量RNA稳定性和染色体协会.
主要成果:
- 具有较低成熟mRNA输出的基因表现出高聚合II CTD Thr4酸化.
- 较差的RNA处理效率,增高的染色体关联和较短的RNA半衰期与减少的mRNA水平有关.
- 核RNA外基因组降解了处理不良的转录.
结论:
- 成熟的mRNA水平由RNA半衰期和染色体关联的组合来调节.
- 较低的RNA处理效率对调节成熟的mRNA丰度有显著的贡献.
- 在协调这些调节机制方面,Pol II CTD酸化起着关键作用.
相关概念视频
01:23Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps
951
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
951
02:24Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps
22.8K
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
22.8K
02:41Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing
7.1K
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
The chromatin structure, especially...
7.1K
02:51mRNA Stability and Gene Expression
5.7K
The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
5.7K
01:36What is Gene Expression?
8.6K
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
8.6K
02:31Nuclear Export of mRNA
7.7K
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
7.7K