根据暴露来源,对水和空气中的石棉度进行批判性审查
Margareth Peña-Castro1, Michelle Montero-Acosta1, Manuel Saba1
1Faculty of Engineering, University of Cartagena, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia.
Heliyon
|June 12, 2023
概括
本次审查审查了空气和水中的石棉含量,确定了天然水体和石棉矿山附近的高度. 标准化测量方法对于评估环境中石棉暴露风险至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 在工业上广泛使用的石棉矿物质,在环境暴露时会带来重大健康风险,包括癌症和石棉病.
- 尽管有监管规定,但对于来自各种来源的空气和水中的石棉纤维度仍然存在不确定性.
- 水体中的自然存在的石棉 (NOA) 和水分系统中的石棉水泥管道存在环境风险.
研究的目的:
- 从文献中审查和确定空气和水中的石棉含量,按暴露来源和背景分类.
- 评估环境中石棉度与已确定的参考限值相比.
- 突出研究缺陷,并为未来的石棉研究提出标准化的方法.
主要方法:
- 对报告环境样本 (空气和水) 中石棉度的研究文献综述.
- 基于暴露源 (例如,NOA,水分管道,矿山,交通) 的数据分类.
- 对现有的方法进行批判性审查,并确定需要改进的领域.
主要成果:
- 在自然水体中检测到高度的石棉 (NOA).
- 通过石棉水泥管道分配饮用水时发现的潜在风险.
- 空气中的石棉度有很大差异,受石棉矿区附近和车辆交通强度的影响.
- 报告中的石棉含量存在显著的区域和方法差异.
结论:
- 环境中对石棉的暴露,特别是来自NOA和老化的基础设施,需要仔细监测.
- 空气和水中的石棉测量技术的标准化对于可靠的风险评估和国际比较至关重要.
- 需要进一步的研究来完善方法,并解决对石棉暴露评估的不确定性.
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