从相应的尿液分泌数据和单点血度来追溯构建血药物度-时间曲线的探索,使用简化和理想化的方法
Guanglu Li1, Wenpeng Zhang1, Meng Zhang2
1State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, China.
Translational pediatrics
|June 12, 2023
概括
这项研究通过使用尿液数据来估计药物暴露,克服伦理和数据限制,简化了儿科药物动力学 (PK) 建模. 新方法为改善药物开发提供了可接受的血度曲线.
科学领域:
- 药理动力学和药理动力学
- 儿科药物开发 儿科药物开发
- 数学建模和仿真数学建模和仿真
背景情况:
- 由于道德约束和数据限制,儿童药理动力学 (PK) 研究的效率低于成人研究.
- 现有的方法面临着复杂的排泄方程,数据频率不足以及尿样缺乏分布体积信息的挑战.
- 在儿科患者群体中需要更有效和更容易获得的PK建模方法.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种使用尿液数据的简化药理动力学 (PK) 建模方法,以克服儿科研究的局限性.
- 通过分析尿液分泌物来建立估计血药物暴露的方法.
- 通过减少频繁取血样的需要,使儿童的PK研究更有效.
主要方法:
- 采用了隔间PK模型,简化了具有常量参数 (k) 的复杂排泄方程.
- 估计了尿液中药物的累积分泌量,并使用线性回归法将其纳入适配的分泌方程中.
- 用单个血数据点计算尿液分泌清除率 (CLr),以固定血度-时间曲线.
主要成果:
- 优化模型显示了可接受的血药物度在各种PK场景 (例如,不同的施用途径,单剂/多剂量) 中适合.
- 该模型的性能通过在临床前和儿科环境中使用德斯洛拉塔丁和布苏尔来验证.
- 进行了灵敏度分析,以评估模型选择和CLr计算等离子体时间点的影响.
结论:
- 提出的方法成功生成了可接受的血暴露曲线,为儿科PK研究提供了可行的替代方案.
- 这种简化的建模策略解决了关键的知识差距,并提高了儿科药物开发的效率.
- 这项研究为以尿为基础的PK建模的未来改进提供了基础.
相关概念视频
One-Compartment Open Model: Urinary Excretion Data and Determination of k
226
The one-compartment open model leverages urinary excretion data to estimate renal clearance, which gauges the kidney's capacity to expel a drug. This method offers several benefits, including directly measuring drug elimination and assessing the kidney's contribution to overall drug clearance. However, this approach has limitations. It assumes sole renal excretion of the drug, which is not true for all drugs. Accurate urinary excretion and plasma drug concentration measurement can also...
226
Determination of Renal Drug Clearance: Graphical and Midpoint Methods
164
Renal clearance, a crucial parameter in pharmacokinetics, can be determined using two different methods: the graphical method and the midpoint method. These methods provide insights into the rate of drug excretion by the kidneys and aid in assessing renal function.
The graphical method involves plotting the rate of drug excretion in urine against the plasma drug concentration. By analyzing the graph, the clearance can be calculated and obtained. Drugs rapidly excreted by the kidneys exhibit a...
The graphical method involves plotting the rate of drug excretion in urine against the plasma drug concentration. By analyzing the graph, the clearance can be calculated and obtained. Drugs rapidly excreted by the kidneys exhibit a...
164
Renal Drug Clearance: Overview
255
Renal clearance is a crucial parameter in pharmacokinetics that quantifies the rate at which the kidneys excrete a drug. It represents a constant fraction of the central volume of distribution containing the drug that the kidney eliminates per unit of time.
Renal clearance can be calculated using different methods. One approach is to divide the urinary drug excretion rate by the plasma drug concentration. This method directly measures renal clearance, indicating the kidneys' efficiency in...
Renal clearance can be calculated using different methods. One approach is to divide the urinary drug excretion rate by the plasma drug concentration. This method directly measures renal clearance, indicating the kidneys' efficiency in...
255
Renal Drug Excretion: Tubular Reabsorption
228
Tubular reabsorption, a process occurring post-glomerular filtration of drugs in the renal tubule, is a critical determinant of drug half-life. During the process of renal excretion, as the glomerular filtrate progresses to the distal convoluted tubule (DCT), drugs that are highly permeable, lipophilic, and nonionized undergo passive reabsorption from the tubular fluid into the surrounding peritubular capillaries. This reabsorption process restricts their elimination through the kidneys. This...
228
Drug Concentration Versus Time Correlation
907
The plasma drug concentration-time curve is a crucial tool in pharmacokinetics, representing the drug's concentration in plasma at different time intervals post-administration. This curve illustrates the drug's journey from absorption into the systemic circulation, distribution to body tissues, and eventual elimination through excretion or biotransformation.
Two pivotal parameters are the minimum effective concentration (MEC) and the minimum toxic concentration (MTC). The MEC is the...
Two pivotal parameters are the minimum effective concentration (MEC) and the minimum toxic concentration (MTC). The MEC is the...
907
One-Compartment Open Model for IV Bolus Administration: Estimation of Elimination Rate Constant, Half-Life and Volume of Distribution
351
The one-compartment open model is a simplified approach used in pharmacokinetics to understand the distribution and elimination of a drug administered through an intravenous bolus. This model assumes rapid drug dispersal throughout the body and elimination using a first-order process. Key pharmacokinetic parameters, such as the elimination rate constant (k), half-life (t1/2), and the apparent volume of distribution (Vd), can be estimated from this model. The elimination rate is calculated...
351


