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脂肪甘油脂酶通过调节从脂质滴中释放的基质来促进前列腺素依赖的动蛋白重塑

Michelle S Giedt¹, Jonathon M Thomalla², Roger P White²

¹Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.

Development (Cambridge, England)

|June 12, 2023

概括

脂质液滴通过脂肪三甘油脂酶 (ATGL) 释放阿拉基酸 (AA),以产生前列腺素 (PG). 这一途径对于卵细胞发育和生育过程中的动蛋白重塑至关重要.

科学领域:

细胞生物学细胞生物学
生殖生物学生殖生物学
生物化学生物化学

背景情况:

脂质滴 (LDs) 对于脂质代谢至关重要,并在卵细胞发育过程中积累.
LDs及其相关蛋白质在女性生育中的特定作用尚不清楚.
动蛋白重塑对于卵巢毛囊发育至关重要.

研究的目的:

为了研究LDs和脂肪三甘油脂酶 (ATGL) 在Drosophila oogenesis中的功能.
阐明分子机制,将脂质代谢与行为体重塑和生育联系起来.
确定ATGL,前列腺素合成和卵细胞发育之间的关系.

主要方法:

在Drosophila中对ATGL和前列腺素合成酶 (Pxt) 的遗传分析.
毛囊发育测定与前列腺素治疗.
卵巢甘油三酸的脂质分析.
使用外源性阿拉基酸 (AA) 和受损的LD形成的功能研究.

主要成果:

失去ATGL会在 oogenesis 过程中破坏actin重塑,类似于失去Pxt.
ATGL 在Pxt的上游作用,表明它释放了用于前列腺素合成的酸 (AA).
富含AA的甘油三在卵巢中存在,它们的水平在ATGL损失时会增加.
外源性AA会损害卵泡发育,这种效应由LD形成和ATGL水平调节.

结论:

ATGL从LDs释放AA,它作为PG合成的基质.
由ATGL衍生的AA产生的PGs促进了对毛囊发育至关重要的actin重塑.
这种涉及LDs,ATGL和PG的途径对卵细胞发育和生育至关重要.
这一发现表明,在不同物种中,有着调节卵细胞发育和生育能力的保存机制.

关键词:

这种植物是Drosophila.动氨酸细胞骨动氨酸细胞骨脂质滴滴是指脂质的滴滴.产卵生成 (Oogenesis) 是一种在前列腺中发出信号.

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