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与食物有关的马的行为和面部运动奖励食物
Laize G Carmo1, Laís C Werner1, Pedro V Michelotto1
1Graduate Program in Animal Science, School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
PloS one
|June 12, 2023
概括
通过食物奖励的积极增强微妙地影响了马的行为,特别是面部表情,当进入一个控制道时. 虽然身体姿势没有改变,但在正面强化过程中,马表现出更专注和更活跃的面部运动.
科学领域:
- 动物行为 动物行为
- 马类科学 马类科学
- 动物福利 动物福利
背景情况:
- 食物奖励通常被马认为是积极的.
- 了解正增强如何影响马匹在处理情况时的行为,对于福利至关重要.
- 限制杆对马来说可能是压力,需要策略来提高他们的经验.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估食物奖励对马在道中被制之前和期间对马行为的影响.
- 评估身体姿势,部位置,尾巴摆动和面部运动的变化.
- 为了比较基线,正增强和控制阶段之间的行为.
主要方法:
- 十三只成年雌性马参加了为期三周的研究,其中有一个基线周和两个实验周 (正增强和对照),使用交叉设计.
- 记录了行为数据,包括进入滑梯区域,身体姿势,部位置和尾巴摆动.
- 通过视频捕捉面部运动,并使用EquiFACS (马匹面部动作编码系统) 方法进行分析.
- 统计模型被用来分析行为变化.
主要成果:
- 马在身体姿势或尾巴在不同阶段摇摆方面没有显著变化.
- 与基线相比,在积极强化阶段,降低部姿势的可能性较小 (P=0.05).
- 与对照阶段相比,面部分析表明正增强期间的注意力 (耳朵向前) 和活动 (眼睛闭合较少,鼻子运动更多) 增加.
结论:
- 短期的正增强策略对道中的整体身体行为产生了最小的影响.
- 群体住宿的马的面部运动受到正增强的显著影响,这表明了更细致的行为反应.
- 食物奖励可以微妙地改变马的面部表情,这表明在处理过程中有可能改善情绪状态.
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