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了解秋季军虫 (Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith) 对玉米产量的叶子损伤的影响

Chipo Chisonga^1,2, Gilson Chipabika², Philemon H Sohati²

¹CIFOR-ICRAF, Zambia Office, St Eugene Office Park, Lusaka, Zambia.

|June 12, 2023

概括

秋季军虫 (Spodoptera frugiperda) 的叶子损伤对玉米产量的影响很小. 综合害虫管理 (IPM) 战略应优先考虑植物健康和自然捕食者,以获得更好的结果.

科学领域:

农业科学农业科学
昆虫学昆虫学是一门学科.
农作物保护农作物保护

背景情况:

秋季军虫 (Spodoptera frugiperda) 是一种入侵性害虫,威胁着全球粮食安全,尤其是小农.
评估害虫对作物产量的影响对于制定有效的综合害虫管理 (IPM) 战略至关重要.

研究的目的:

研究秋季军虫 (FAW) 诱导的叶子损伤对不同生长阶段和品种的玉米谷物产量的影响.
用结构方程模型来确定FAW损害对产量的直接和间接影响.

主要方法:

早期,中期和晚期成熟品种的玉米植物在各种生长阶段 (V5,V8,V12,VT,R1) 用FAW幼虫接种.
叶子损伤使用戴维斯尺度得分,耳朵损伤,植物高度和谷物产量在收获时被记录.
使用结构方程模型分析了叶子损伤,植物高度和谷物产量之间的关系.

主要成果:

在特定生长阶段的FAW叶损伤 (早期品种3个WAE,中等品种5个WAE) 对谷物产量产生了显著的负面影响.
在晚熟品种中,7 WAE的FAW损伤通过对植物高度产生负面影响间接降低了产量.
叶子损伤解释了所有品种在植物层面的产量变化不到3%.

结论:

由FAW引起的叶子损伤对特定植物发育阶段的玉米产量有轻微但可检测的影响.
撒哈拉以南非洲小农的IPM战略应侧重于增强植物活力和利用自然敌人,以获得更高的成本效益的收益.
开发的模型可以帮助创建IPM的决策支持工具,但建议采取更广泛的干预措施,以显著改善产量.

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