成年人系统地低估了小数点和整数的暴露导致了进一步的基于大小的低估
Lauren K Schiller1, Roberto A Abreu-Mendoza1, Miriam Rosenberg-Lee1
1Department of Psychology, Rutgers University.
概括
年轻的成年人低估了小数值,认为0.8小于0.80. 这种偏差是由十进制字符串长度和先前对整数的暴露放大,影响十进制估计的准确性.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 数学教育教育 数学教育
- 数字认知 数字认知
背景情况:
- 十进制数字与整数共享位置值结构,但具有独特的表示性质.
- 相当的小数点可以用不同的字符串长度写成 (例如,0.8,0.80),可能会影响大小感知.
- 了解个人如何估计小数值对于数学学习和推理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用数行任务来研究等值小数和比例等值整数的估计.
- 检查十进制字符串长度对大小估计的影响.
- 评估以前的整数曝光对小数大小感知的影响.
主要方法:
- 对年轻成年人 (n=88) 进行了数列任务.
- 参与者估计了相当的小数点 (例如0.8,0.80) 和整数 (例如80) 的位置.
- 刺激包括单位数和双位数小数,小数字符串长度和呈现顺序的变化 (小数和整数首先).
主要成果:
- 年轻人对小数和整数都表现出线性响应模式.
- 与比例相当的整数相比,二位数小数被系统地低估.
- 较长的十进制字符串长度加剧了低估 (例如,0.8被认为小于0.80).
- 在小数点之前接触到整数,会导致较大的小数点对较大的小数点进行更大规模的低估.
结论:
- 一个小但持久的低估偏差存在于小数点,小于年轻成年人中的小数点.
- 十进制大小估计是脆弱的,受到像字符串长度这样的表示因素的影响.
- 之前对整数的经验可能会对小数大小的估计产生负面影响,强调需要谨慎的教学方法.
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