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棕油的森林砍伐增加了微气候适合疾病载体Aedes albopictus的发展

E S Saager¹, T Iwamura², T Jucker³

¹Centre for Translational Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. e.s.saager-2@umcutrecht.nl.

Scientific reports

|June 12, 2023

概括

森林砍伐后的油棕种植增加了适合Aedes albopictus蚊子发展的可能性. 这种土地利用变化可能会导致更高的疾病传播风险,需要可持续的做法.

科学领域:

生态与环境科学生态与环境科学
公共卫生和流行病学
载体传播疾病研究载体传播疾病研究

背景情况:

土地利用变化,特别是为农业而砍伐森林,与传染病风险增加有关.
对疾病载体生态的影响,例如改变生命周期,是推动这种风险的一个关键机制.
评估公共卫生影响需要详细的空间模型,将土地利用模式与载体生物学联系起来.

研究的目的:

量化为油棕种植的森林砍伐对Aedes albopictus生命周期完成的影响.
将土地利用变化与影响载体表态的当地微气候变化联系起来.
评估与棕油扩张相关的公共卫生风险.

主要方法:

应用了一种机械现象学模型来估计Aedes albopictus生命周期的完成.
利用精细缩放 (50米分辨率) 的微气候数据集,包括温度,降雨量和蒸发量.
模拟了热带雨林转化为油棕种植园对载体发展适宜性的影响.

主要成果:

从低地雨林转换为油棕种植园,增加了Aedes albopictus的发展适应性10.8%.
随着油棕种植园的成熟,适用性降至4.7%.
预测的周期性土地利用模式 (种植-成熟-清除-再种植) 创造了高度适合载体发展的脉冲.

结论:

油棕种植显著改变了微气候,改善了Aedes albopictus的条件.
土地利用变化动态,包括重新种植周期,可能导致疾病载体活动升高的周期反复出现.
迫切需要制定可持续的土地利用战略,平衡农业需求与保护人类健康.

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