通过模拟不同的基因组交配方案来改善猪的遗传收益和内生育
Fuping Zhao1, Pengfei Zhang1, Xiaoqing Wang1
1Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Poultry) of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
Journal of animal science and biotechnology
|June 12, 2023
概括
基因组交配提高了遗传收益,同时控制了猪的近亲繁殖,优于传统方法. 在基因组交配中使用同胞性 (ROH) 运行进一步增强了遗传进步,并减少了与基于SNP的方法相比的内生繁殖.
科学领域:
- 动物育种与遗传学
- 量化遗传学 量化遗传学
- 基因组选择 基因组选择
背景情况:
- 基因组选择 (GS) 加快了基因改进,但可以增加内杂繁殖和有害的同卵性等位基因.
- 基因组交配 (GM) 为优越的基因型组合优化伴侣分配,减轻GS缺点.
- 传统的交配方案可能无法充分解决长期选择中的内生和遗传多样性问题.
研究的目的:
- 在各种因素下调查猪种群中基因组交配 (GM) 的效率.
- 将转基因策略与传统的交配方案 (随机,分类) 进行比较,以获得遗传收益和控制近亲繁殖.
- 评估不同算法,遗传性,转基因方案和关系矩阵计算对转基因效率的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用随机模拟来评估猪群中的转基因效率.
- 分析的因素包括近亲繁殖系数算法,特征遗传性,转基因计划焦点 (GEBV或近亲繁殖) 和关系矩阵计算 (SNP与ROH).
- 使用来自大白猪繁殖群体的真实数据验证了转基因性能,并与传统交配进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 基因组交配有效地限制了近亲繁殖的积累,同时保持了预期的遗传收益.
- 在转基因中,基于ROH的相关性比积极的分类交配产生了更高的遗传收益 (0.9%-2.6%) 和更低的近亲繁殖率 (13%-83.3%).
- 转基因,特别是基于ROH的GRM,在真实猪群中表现出比传统交配方案更高的效率.
结论:
- 基因组交配可以实现可持续的遗传进步,并有效控制猪群内生殖率.
- 在转基因中使用基于ROH的基因组关系矩阵提高了效率.
- 建议养殖者考虑基因组交配,以优化猪的遗传改进.
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